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550 234 23

  • 1 в … запущено

    …the USA launched some 550 Earth satellites of various types.

    Русско-английский словарь по космонавтике > в … запущено

  • 2 Правила написания количественных числительных

    Количественные числительные могут писаться цифрами или прописью.
    Цифрами пишутся числа от 1 до 12:
    • (для наглядности) в статистике, технических и научных текстах и т.д.: 2 Bücher;
    • числа перед сокращениями единиц измерений: 3 km; 5,3 kg; 7 Euro.
    Если единицы измерения стоят в полной форме, то числа от 1 до 12 могут писаться или цифрами или прописью: 3 / drei Kilometer, 4 / vier Euro.
    Числа начиная с 13 в литературе, письмах и т.д. для их выделения могут писаться прописью:
    Zu deinem fünfzigsten Geburtstag gratuliere ich dir herzlich. - Сердечно поздравляю тебя по случаю твоего пятидесятилетия.
    Siebzehn Studenten bei Unruhe verhaftet. - Семнадцать студентов арестованы во время беспорядков.
    Целые числа, состоящие из более чем трёх цифр, пишутся по три цифры с интервалом, справа налево: 2 945 568 Euro; 3 456.
    Вместо интервала можно ставить точку, но она может привести к заблуждению, так как в английском языке точка ставится вместо запятой в десятичных дробях: 9.000.000 kW.
    Числа, которые обозначают номер, чаще всего не разделяются: 78945.
    Однако номера телефонов (Telefonnummern), факсов (Telefaxnummern), абонементных почтовых ящиков (Postfachnummern) пишутся по две цифры. Отсчёт начинается справа налево: 05, 1 54 17, 44 96, 23 61 24.
    Код города (Ortsnetzkennzahl) пишется в скобках: (0 79 61) 44 96.
    Номера расчётного счёта (Kontonummern) тоже могут писаться по три цифры:
    Коды банка (Bankleitzahlen) читаются, наоборот, слева направо по 3 цифры: 550 234 23.
    Почтовые индексы (Postleitzahlen) не разделяются: 91154 Roth.
    Десятичные дроби (Dezimalstellen) разделяются запятой и, начиная от неё, пишутся по три цифры: 3, 234 45.
    Время пишется: 6.30 Uhr или 6 30 Uhr (две последние цифры - маленькие вверху).

    Грамматика немецкого языка по новым правилам орфографии и пунктуации > Правила написания количественных числительных

  • 3 χαίρω

    χαίρω mid. by-form χαίρεται TestAbr s. below; impf. ἔχαιρον; fut. χαρήσομαι (B-D-F §77; Mlt-H. 264); 2 aor. pass. ἐχάρην (Hom.+).
    ① to be in a state of happiness and well-being, rejoice, be glad opp. κλαίειν J 16:20; Ro 12:15ab (Damasc., Vi. Isid. 284 χαρίεις πρὸς τοὺς χαρίεντας); 1 Cor 7:30ab; Hv 3, 3, 2. Opp. λύπην ἔχειν J 16:22. W. ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι (Hab 3:18; TestJob 43:15; ParJer 6:20; cp. TestAbr A 11 p. 89, 17 [Stone p. 26]) Mt 5:12; 1 Pt 4:13b; cp. Rv 19:7; GJs 17:2. W. εὐφραίνεσθαι (Jo 2:23 al. in LXX) Lk 15:32; Rv 11:10. W. σκιρτᾶν Lk 6:23. W. acc. of inner obj. (B-D-F §153, 1; Rob. 477) χ. χαρὰν μεγάλην be very glad (Jon 4:6; JosAs 3:4 al.) Mt 2:10. τῇ χαρᾷ ᾗ (by attraction for ἥν) χαίρομεν 1 Th 3:9. Also χαρᾷ χ., which prob. betrays the infl. of the OT (Is 66:10), J 3:29 (B-D-F §198, 6; Rob. 531; 550). The ptc. is used w. other verbs with joy, gladly (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 40 §169 ἄπιθι χαίρων; 3 Km 8:66; Eutecnius 4 p. 43, 7 ἄπεισι χαίρουσα; Laud. Therap. 12 χαίρων ἐστέλλετο) ὑπεδέξατο αὐτον χαίρων Lk 19:6; cp. vs. 37; 15:5; Ac 5:41; 8:39.—The obj. of or reason for the joy is denoted in var. ways: w. simple dat. τοῖς τὰ πολλὰ λέγουσιν those who are (merely) garrulous Papias (2:3) (Aristonous 1, 45 [p. 164 Coll. Alex.]; Just., A I, 5, 3 al.; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 69, 20; s. also below on Ro 12:12) or prep. χαίρειν ἐπί τινι rejoice over someone or someth. (Soph. et al.; X., Cyr. 8, 4, 12, Mem. 2, 6, 35; Pla., Leg. 5, 729d; Diod S 1, 25, 2; Plut., Mor. 87e; 1088e; BGU 531 I, 4 [I A.D.]; POxy 41, 17; Tob 13:15ab; Pr 2:14; 24:19; Bar 4:33; JosAs 4:4; Jos., Ant. 1, 294; 3, 32; Ar. 15, 7; Just., D. 28, 4; Iren. 1, 16, 3 [Harv I 163, 9]) Mt 18:13; Lk 1:14; 13:17; Ac 15:31; Ro 16:19; 1 Cor 13:6; 16:17; 2 Cor 7:13; Rv 11:10; Hs 5, 2, 5 and 11; 8, 1, 16; 8, 5, 1 and 6; Dg 11:5. Also διά w. acc. (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 102 §428; EpArist 42) J 3:29; 11:15 the ὅτι-clause gives the reason, and δί ὑμᾶς is for your sakes = in your interest; cp. 1 Th 3:9. ἔν τινι (Soph., Trach. 1118; Pla., Rep. 10, 603c; En 104:13) Hs 1:11. ἐν τούτῳ over that Phil 1:18a (for other functions of ἐν s. below). περί τινος in someth. (Pla., Ep. 2, 310e.—περὶ πλοῦτον Did., Gen. 150, 8) 1 Cl 65:1. ἵνα μὴ λύπην σχῶ ἀφʼ ὧν ἔδει με χαίρειν (either ἀπὸ τούτων ἀφʼ ὧν or ἀπὸ τούτων οἷς) 2 Cor 2:3. The reason or object is given by ὅτι (Lucian, Charon 17; Ex 4:31; Just., A II, 2, 7) Lk 10:20b; J 11:15 (s. above); 14:28; 2 Cor 7:9, 16; Phil 4:10; 2J 4. χ. ἐν τούτῳ ὅτι Lk 10:20a. χ. ὅταν 2 Cor 13:9. χ. … γάρ Phil 1:18b (19). The reason or obj. is expressed by a ptc. (X., Cyr. 1, 5, 12; Pla., Rep. 5, 458a; Dio Chrys. 22 [39], 1 al.; PGM 4, 1212 χαίρεις τοὺς σοὺς σῴζων; 1611; Just., D. 114, 4): ἰδόντες τὸν ἀστέρα ἐχάρησαν Mt 2:10; cp. Lk 23:8; J 20:20; Ac 11:23; Phil 2:28; Hv 3, 12, 3. ἀκούσαντες ἐχάρησαν they were delighted by what they heard Mk 14:11; cp. Ac 13:48; Hv 3, 3, 2.—1 Cl 33:7; Dg 5:16. λαβόντες τὰ ἐδέμσματα ἐχάρησαν Hs 5, 2, 10. W. gen. and ptc. (as Just., D. 85, 6) 9, 11, 7. If χαίρειν is also in the ptc., καί comes betw. the two participles: χαίρων καὶ βλέπων (and) it is with joy that I see Col 2:5. ἐχάρην ἐρχομένων ἀδελφῶν καὶ μαρτυρούντων I was glad when some fellow-Christians came and testified 3J 3.—τῇ ἐλπίδι χαίρ. Ro 12:12 is not ‘rejoice over the hope’ (the dat. stands in this mng. X., Mem. 1, 5, 4; Theopompus [IV B.C.]: 115 Fgm. 114 Jac.; Epict., App. D, 3 [p. 479 Sch.] ἀρετῇ χ.; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 28, 137 οἷς ὁ θεὸς χ.; Pr 17:19), but rather rejoice in hope or filled with hope (B-D-F §196). τὸ ἐφʼ ὑμῖν χαίρω as far as you are concerned, I am glad Ro 16:19 v.l. In the majority of cases in our lit. ἐν does not introduce the cause of the joy (s. above): χαίρω ἐν τοῖς παθήμασιν I rejoice in the midst of (though because of is also poss.) (the) suffering(s) Col 1:24 (the Engl. ‘in’ conveys both ideas). χαίρ. ἐν κυρίῳ Phil 3:1; 4:4a, 10 (the imperatives in 3:1; 4:4ab are transl. good-bye [so Hom. et al.] by Goodsp., s. Probs. 174f; this would class them under 2a below). Abs. Lk 22:5; J 4:36; 8:56 (EbNestle, Abraham Rejoiced: ET 20, 1909, 477; JMoulton, ‘Abraham Rejoiced’: ibid. 523–28); 2 Cor 6:10; 7:7; 13:11; Phil 2:17f; 4:4b (s. Goodsp. above); 1 Th 5:16; 1 Pt 4:13a; cp. 13b; GPt 6:23; Hv 3, 3, 3f; Hs 1:11; 5, 3, 3; GJs 16:3.—On the rare mid. χαιρόμενος (TestAbr A 11 p. 89, 21 [Stone p. 26] χαίρεται καὶ ἀγάλλεται) Ac 3:8 D, s. Mlt. 161 w. note 1; B-D-F §307.
    ② in impv., a formalized greeting wishing one well, also in indicative, to use such a greeting (in effect, to express that one is on good terms w. the other, cp. Soph., Oed. R. 596 νῦν πᾶσι χαίρω=now I bid everyone good day)
    ⓐ in spoken address, oft. on meeting people (Hom. et al.; also χαίροις TestAbr A 16 p. 97, 21 [Stone p. 42]; B 13 p. 117, 18 [82]; JosAs 8:2; GrBar 11:6f; loanw. in rabb.) χαῖρε, χαίρετε welcome, good day, hail (to you), I am glad to see you, somet. (e.g. Hermas)=how do you do? or simply hello Mt 26:49; 27:29; 28:9 (here perh. specif. good morning [Lucian, Laps. inter Salutandum 1 τὸ ἑωθινὸν … χαίρειν; also scholia p. 234, 13 Rabe; Cass. Dio 69, 18; Nicetas Eugen. 2, 31 H.; so Goodsp., Probs. 45f; he translates Lk 1:28 and the 2J and H passages in the same way]); Mk 15:18; Lk 1:28; GJs 11:1 (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 4, 2 Nectanebos says to Olympia upon entering her room: χαίροις Μακεδόνων βασίλεια); J 19:3 (on the sarcastic greeting as king cp. Diod S 34 + 35, Fgm. 2, 8f [Eunus]); Hv 1, 1, 4; 1, 2, 2ab; 4, 2, 2ab. χαίρειν τινὶ λέγειν greet someone, bid someone the time of day (Epict. 3, 22, 64; pass.: χαίρειν αὐτοῖς ὑφʼ ἡμῶν λέγεσθαι Iren. 1, 16, 3 [Harv. I 162, 11]) 2J 10f.—On the poss. sense farewell, good-bye for Phil 3:1; 4:4 s. 1 above, end.
    ⓑ elliptically at the beginning of a letter greetings (X., Cyr. 4, 5, 27; Theocr. 14, 1; Plut., Ages. 607 [21, 10]=Mor. 213a; Aelian, VH 1, 25; Jos., Vi. 217; 365; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13; pap [Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 477–82; HLietzmann, Griech. Pap.: Kl. T. 142, 1910; Witkowski, Epistulae; GMilligan, Selections fr. the Gk. Pap.2 1911]; LXX.—B-D-F §389; 480, 5; Rob. 944; 1093. GGerhard, Untersuchungen zur Gesch. des griech. Briefes, diss. Heidelb. 1903, Philol 64, 1905, 27–65; FZiemann, De Epistularum Graecarum Formulis Sollemnibus: Dissertationes Philologicae Halenses XVIII/4, 1911; PWendland, Die urchristl. Literaturformen2, 3 1912, 411–17 [Suppl. 15: Formalien des Briefes]; WSchubart, Einführung in die Papyruskunde 1918; Dssm., LO 116ff=LAE 146ff [lit.]; FExler, The Form of the Ancient Gk. Letter 1923; ORoller, D. Formular d. paul. Briefe ’33; RArcher, The Ep. Form in the NT: ET 63, ’51f, 296–98; Pauly-W. III 836ff; VII 1192ff; Kl. Pauly II 324–27; BHHW I 272f) τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς … χαίρειν greetings to the brethren Ac 15:23; cp. 23:26; Js 1:1; AcPlCor 1:1; 2:1. Ign. uses the common formula πλεῖστα χαίρειν (πολύς 3bα) IEph ins; IMg ins; ITr ins; IRo ins; ISm ins; IPol ins.—The introduction to B is unique: χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου, ἐν εἰρήνῃ 1:1.—JLieu, ‘Grace to you and Peace’, The Apostolic Greeting: BJRL 68, ’85, 161–78.—Schmidt, Syn. II 550–73. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > χαίρω

  • 4 censeo [1]

    1. cēnseo, suī, sum, ēre ( oskisch censaum = censere), begutachten, I) im allg., den Wert einer Sache prüfen, schätzen, taxieren, A) eig.: 1) übh.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, Cic. parad. 6, 48: in quo (anulo) censendum nil nisi dantis amor, Ov. am. 2, 15, 2. – 2) insbes., als publiz. t. t.: a) den Namen u. das Vermögen der röm. Bürger schätzen, kontrollieren (das Amt des Zensors, s. cēnsor), censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias pecuniasque censento, Cic. de legg. 3, 7: ne absens censeare, Cic.: censeri omnes homines iussit, Oros.: censebantur eius aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum, Liv.: qui minore summā aeris censebantur, Gell.: aliena censendo sua facere, Cic.: censendo (verst. censui) finem facere, Liv. – capite censi, die unterste, ärmste Bürgerklasse, die nicht dem Vermögen nach geschätzt, sondern nur nach Personen gezählt wurde, Sall. Iug. 86, 2; vgl. Gell. 16, 10. § 10 sqq. – sintne ista praedia censui censendo, können sie (als wirkliches Eigentum des Besitzers) in die Zensorliste aufgenommen werden, Cic. Flacc. 79: legem censui censendo dicere, eine Formel, Taxe für die abzuhaltende Zensur feststellen, Liv. 43, 14, 5: censendi formula, diese Formel selbst, die Taxe, Liv. 4, 8, 4. – b) von der in die Zensorliste aufzunehmenden Person selbst, schätzen = als sein Vermögen angeben (so auch als Depon. cēnseor, cēnsus sum, cēnserī), in qua tribu denique ista praedia censuisti? Cic. Flacc. 80: magnum agri modum, Cic.: servos censeri, Cic. – c) subst., cēnsum, ī, n. = census, ūs (no. II, b), Cic. poët. de consul. fr. inc. p. 134 K. (p. 342, 9 ed. Klotz.). – B) übtr.: 1) übh.: censeor cognomine od. nomine, ich werde mit einem Namen angegeben, d.i. es wird mir ein Name beigelegt, quo cognomine censeretur interrogatus, Val. Max. 8, 7. ext. 2: nomen quo tu censeris aiebat, Apul. met. 5, 26 extr.: hoc enim nomine censebatur iam meus dominus, ibid. 8, 25 extr. – censeri de alqo, als zu jmd. gehörig betrachtet werden, Ov. ex Pont. 2, 5, 73; 3, 1, 75. – censeri alqam dilectam inter comites suas, jmd. als Liebling unter seinen Begleiterinnen gelten lassen, Ov. ex Pont. 1, 2, 139. – 2) insbes., censeri alqā re, nach etw. geschätzt werden, durch etw. seinen eigentlichen Wert gewinnen, hic te commilitone censetur, Plin. pan.: multiplici variāque doctrinā, Suet.: divitiis, Val. Max. – II) prägn., (nach Prüfung aller Umstände) seine Ansicht od. Meinung od. sich dahin aussprechen, der Ansicht-, der Meinung sein, raten, anraten, dafürhalten, für zweckmäßig, billig, wahr erachten, 1) im allg.: a) m. Advv.: haud aliter censeo, Ter.: ita prorsus censeo, Cic. – b) mit Acc., u. zwar: α) mit einfachem allg. Acc.: tibi igitur hoc censeo, für dich nun ist mein Rat, Cic.: quid ergo censes? Cic.: quod censueris, faciam, Cic. – β) m. dopp. Acc.: cum aspicias tristem, frugi censeas, Plaut.: quid me od. illum censes? was denkst du von mir od. ihm? (s. Ribbeck Coroll. ad Comic. Lat. fr. p. LXV II. Brix Plaut. trin. 811. Klotz Ter. Andr. 853. p. 85): quid censes munera terrae? Hor.: nec bona censendum, quae Fors infida dedisse valet, Sil. – c) m. ut u. Konj., Plaut. merc. 483. Varr. sat. Men. 550. Cic. de or. 2, 290; od. m. ne u. Konj., Suet. Aug. 94, 3. – d) m. bl. (meist eingeschobenem) Konj. (s. Seyff. Cic. Lael. 5, 17. p. 103. Halm Cic. Cat. 4, 13. Heerw. Liv. 21, 19, 10), ich dächte, dächte ich, censeo eas, Plaut.: magno opere censeo desistas, Cic.: nunc quoque accersas censeo omnes navales terrestresque copias, Liv.: misereamini censeo, Sall.: censeo libens dormias, Fronto. – e) m. Acc. u. Infin.: non vidisse undas me maiores censeo, Plaut.: dum illud, quod miser est, clam esse censet alteros, Acc. fr.: adeon me esse pervicacem censes, Ter.: ego amplius deliberandum censeo, Ter.: im Passiv mit Nom. u. Infin., comoediae, quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur, Gell. 3, 3. § 3. – f) m. Infin.: delubra esse in urbibus censeo, Cic.: cum alii in Palatium redire, alii Capitolium petere, plerique rostra occupanda censerent, Tac.: censeo ergo in propinquo agrum mercari, Col. – g) absol.: rem (den Tatbestand) cum videas, censeas, da kannst du's ermessen, Ter. heaut. 1023. – u. als Ausdruck der Beistimmung od. ironisch der Verneinung, ich denke ( dächte), ich denke ( dächte) doch (vgl. Ussing Plaut. Amph. 959. p. 325 u. die Auslgg. zu Ter. eun. 2, 1, 11), PL. Censen hodie despondebit eam mihi quaeso? TR. Censeo, Plaut.: PH. ego rus ibo atque ibi manebo. PA. Censeo, Ter. – 2) als publiz. t. t., a) in der Beratung für etw. stimmen, sein Votum abgeben, auf etw. antragen, zu etw. raten (konstr. mit folg. Infin. Pass. od. mit folg. Acc. [bes. Partic. Fut. Pass.] u. Jnfin. od. m. folg. ut od. ne m. Konj.; vgl. Fabr Liv. 24, 22, 5; Held Caes. b. c. 1, 67, 1), bona censuerunt reddi, Liv.: reddenda censebat bona, Liv.: captivos reddendos in senatu non censuit, Cic.: plerique censebant, ut noctu iter facerent, Caes. – m. bl. Acc. (s. Nipperd. Tac. ann. 13, 8), pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebant, Caes.: zugl. m. ne u. Konj., non arma neque secessionem, tantummodo ne amplius sanguinem vestrum praebeatis, censebo, Sall. fr. – b) insbes., t. t. für die Willensentscheidung des Senats (wie iubere für die des populus), beschließen, verordnen, quae Patres censuerunt, vos iubete, Liv.: senatus censuit, uti etc., Caes.: S. P. Q. R. verbis nuntient velle et censere, eos ab armis discedere, Sall.: bellum Samnitibus Patres censuerunt, Liv.: u. so cens. alci alqd (aram, triumphi insignia etc.), zuerkennen, Tac. – / Perf. censiit, Gromat. vet. 231, 1. – Infin. Praes. Pass. censiri, Gromat. vet. 234, 2: u. ders. parag. censerier, Plaut. capt. prol. 15. – Partic. Perf. censītus, Chalcid. Tim. 344. Gromat. vet. 211, 8 u.a. Cod. Iust. 11, 47, 6 sqq. – censen = censesne, Plaut. merc. 461.

    lateinisch-deutsches > censeo [1]

  • 5 περί

    περί, um, herum, A. Adverbium; περί τ' ἀμφί τε, rings umher, H. h. Cer. 277; oft in tmesi, wie man Stellen erklärt wie περὶ δ' αὐλὴ ὑψηλὴ δέδμητο, ringsum, Od. 9, 184, περὶ χεῖρε βαλοῦσα Aesch. Ag. 1540, wo aber die Präposition genauer als für sich stehendes Adverb betrachtet wird. – Bes. hat περὶ oft die Bdtg des Darüberhinausgehens (ὑπὲρ τὸ τῆς φύσεως μέτρον, περισσῶς erklären die Scholl. gewöhnlich), des Vorzüglichen, und bezeichnet einen hohen Grad, ist also durch sehr, gar sehr zu übersetzen, in welchem Falle mit zurückgezogenem Tone πέρι geschrieben wird, πέρι μέν σε τίον Δαναοί, sie ebrten dich ausgezeichnet, Il. 8, 161 (an welcher Stelle Spitzner u. Bekker περί schreiben, wie Il. 11, 557 auch Wolf περὶ γὰρ δίε νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν hat; Od. 14, 433 περὶ γὰρ φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη; in welchen Stellen aber auch die Erkl. des περί als adv. vorzuziehen ist, wie auch 2, 88, ἥ τοι πέρι κέρδεα οἶδεν); τῷ σε χρὴ πέρι μὲν φάσϑαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῠσαι, Il. 9, 100, dir ziemt es vor Allen; πέρι μὲν πολέμῳ ἔνι καρτερός ἐσσι, ib. 53; τὸ δὴ πέρι ϑαῠμα τέτυκτο, 18, 549; περι δ' ἱρὰ ϑεοῖσιν ἀϑανάτοισιν ἔδωκε, Od. 1, 66, vgl. 4, 722; τὸν πέρι Μοῠσ' ἐφίλησε, 8, 63, u. oft; – πέρι κῆρι, gar sehr von Herzen, recht herzlich, z. B. τάων μοι πέρι κῆρι τιέσκετο Ἴλιος ἱρή, Il. 4, 46, wo Spitzner u. Bekker wieder nach der Tradition der Alten περί schreiben; vgl. 4, 53. 13, 119. 206. 430. 24, 61. 423. 435 Od. 5, 36 (zu welcher Stelle Nitzsch zu vgl.). 6, 158. 7, 69. 15, 245. 19, 280. 23, 339; eben so πέρι ϑυμῷ, Il. 22, 70 (Spitzner u. Bekker περί) Od. 14, 146; u. so faßte Wolf auch Il. 17, 22, ϑυμὸς ἐνὶ στήϑεσσι πέρι σϑένεϊ βλεμεαίνει, weil sonst σϑένεϊ βλεμεαίνει eine geläufige Vrbdg ist, Spitzner aber u. Bekker haben wieder περί als Präposition (s. B. 2); – περὶ πρό wird richtiger als ein Wort geschrieben (s. unten), od. müßte wenigstens πέρι πρό geschrieben werden. – Steht in dem Satze εἶναι, so zieht man περί dazu und nimmt eine tmesis an (vgl. περιεῖναι); folgt ein gen., so wird es ebenfalls richtiger als Präposition betrachtet (s. B. 1).

    B. Als Präposition mit dem gen., dat. u. accus., um.

    1) c. genitivo; – a) örtlich; αὐτοῦ τετάνυστο περὶ σπείους γλαφυροῖο ἡμερίς, Od. 5, 68; περὶ τρόπιος βεβαῶτα, ib. 130; τείχη περὶ Δαρδανίας, Eur. Troad. 824; Sapph. 1, 10; einzeln bei sp. D., καὶ περὶ σοῦ πάντα γένοιτο ῥόδα, Ep. ad. 705 ( App. 120); δοῠναι ὅσον ϑ' εἵλυμα περὶ χροός, Ap. Rh. 2, 1129; Mosch. 3, 60 vrbdt sogar ἑσδομέναν περὶ σεῖο, än deiner Nähe, bei dir sitzend; vgl. Schäfer zu D. Hal. de C. V. p. 351. – So ist auch b) περί zu fassen, wenn es den Gegenstand bezeichnet, um den eine Handlung stattfindet; so bes. kämpfen, ἀμύνεσϑαι περὶ νηῶν, eigentlich um die Schiffe herum sich wehren, den Feind abwehren, Il. 12, 142; μάχεσϑαι περὶ νηός, um das Schiff, das in der Mitte liegend gedacht wird, kämpfen, so daß sich die beiden Parteien dasselbe streitig machen, die Einen es erobern, die Andern es vertheidigen wollen, Il. 15, 416. 707. 16, 1; περὶ ϑανόντος, um den Getödteten kämpfen, den die Feinde in ihre Gewalt zu bringen, die Freunde ihnen zu entreißen suchen, 8, 476; δῆριν ἔχον περὶ πιπτόντων, Hes. Sc. 251; περὶ πτόλιος μαχησόμενος, Il. 17, 147; περὶ ψυχῆς ϑέον, 22, 161, sie liefen um das Leben, der Eine will es durch die Flucht retten, der Andere es ihm durch die Verfolgung entreißen; vgl. Her. 9, 37, τρέχειν περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς, u. ä. ρέχειν περὶ ἑωυτοῦ, zur Rettung des eigenen Lebens laufen, 7, 57; auch δρόμον ϑέειν περὶ παντός, ἀγῶνας δραμέονται περὶ σφέων αὐτέων, 8, 74. 102. Aehnlich περὶ νίκης ἐπείγεσϑαι, ἀγάσσασϑαι, um den noch unentschiedenen Sieg wetteifern, Iliad. 23, 437. 639; περὶ ἴσης ἐρίζειν, 12, 423, um gleiches Recht hadern, d. i. um gleiches Recht zu erlangen; noch mehr an die ersten Beispiele erinnernd περὶ τρίποδος ϑεῖν, 11, 700, vgl. 23, 718, um den als Kampfpreis in der Mitte liegenden Dreifuß wettrennen; auch ἐρίζειν περὶ μύϑων, um die Worte wettstreiten, d. i. wetteifern, wer am besten sprechen könne, Il. 15, 284; ἐρί-ζειν περὶ τόξων, um die größere Geschicklichkeit im Bogenschießen wetteifern, Od. 8, 225, vgl. 24, 515. – Daraus entwickelt sich der Gebrauch, den Gegenstand, um dessen Gewinnung, wenn er in den Händen des Feindes ist, oder zu dessen Schutz, wenn er ange. griffen wird, man kämpft, durch περί τινος zu bezeichnen, ἀμύνεσϑαι περὶ πάτρης, Il. 12, 243 u. oft; περὶ πτόλιος, τείχεος, 18, 265. 279 Od. 11, 403. 24, 113; μαχοῦνται περὶ σέϑεν, Aesch. Suppl. 721; Her. 1, 169 u. öfter; Thuc. 6, 69; Xen. An. 2, 1, 12 u. sonst; περὶ τῶν ἐσχάτων κινδυνεύειν, Dem. 8, 34. So auch περὶ παίδων ϑνήσκειν, Eur. Alc. 176, τυραννίδος πέρι ἀδικεῖν, Phoen. 527. – Daher c) περί τινος den Gegenstand bezeichnet, auf den sich eine Thätigkeit bezieht, sehr gewöhnlich bei wissen, hören, sagen u. a. ä., im Deutschen durch um, gew. durch von, überzu übersetzen, περὶ νόστου ἄκουσα, ich habe von seiner Heimkehr gehört, Od. 19, 270; κέκλυτέ μευ τοῠδε περὶ ξείνου, höret mich über diesen Fremden, 17, 371; οἶδα περὶ κείνου, ib. 563; οὐδὲν σύ που κάτοισϑα τῶν σαυτοῠ πέρι, Soph. Phil. 549; εἰδέναι περί τινος, Plat. Tim. 27 a; Lys. 14, 23 u. sonst in Prosa; γιγνώσκειν, Xen. An. 2, 5, 8; γνώμην ἔχειν, 2, 2, 10; ἔλεξα τῆς ἐμῆς περὶ ψυχῆς, Aesch. Eum. 114; Soph. O. R. 707; u. in Prosa sehr geläufig, Her. u. Folgde, wie Plat. Phaedr. 347 c; περὶ ἀληϑείας λέγειν, Xen. u. A.; λῆρον τοῦ γνῶναι πέρι, Ar. Ran. 822; διαλέγεσϑαι περί τινος, sich über eine Sache oder wegen einer Sache besprechen, Xen. An. 5, 5, 25; βουλεύειν περὶ φόνου, über den Mord rathschlagen, Od. 16, 234; τῶνδε πέρι, Aesch. Spt. 230 u. öfter; Soph. O. R. 738, βουλεύεσϑαι, Xen. An. 2, 3, 20; γένεσϑε τῶνδε σύμβουλοι πέρι, Aesch. Ch. 84; σιγὴν τῶνδε ϑήσομαι πέρι, Eur. Med. 66. – Auch ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι, darüber entscheiden durch Abstimmung, Aesch. Eum. 600; ψῆφος ἐπῆκτο περὶ φυγῆς, Xen. An. 7, 7, 57. – Eben so bei den Zeitwörtern, in welchen ein Fürchten, Sorgen liegt, μερμηρίζειν περί τινος, Sorge um oder für Einen tragen, Il. 20, 17; περὶ πομπῆς μνησόμεϑα, wegen der Sendung wollen wir bedacht sein, Cd. 7, 191 (ähnl. Dem. ὀνομαστὶ περί τινος μνησϑῆναι, 24, 132); auch ἄχος περί τινος, Leid um Einen, Od. 21, 249; φροντίζειν περί τινος, Her. 8, 36; περὶ ποτοῦ γοῠν ἐστί σοι; also um den Trunk ist es dir zu thun? um den Trunk also drehen sich alle deine Gedanken? Ar. Equ. 87; δεδιὼς περὶ αὐτοῦ, μή –, Plat. Prot. 320 a, wie φοβεῖσϑαι, Xen. An. 5, 5, 7. – d) auch die bewegende Ursache u. die Absicht bei einer Thätigkeit wird dadurch ausgedrückt, περὶ ἔριδος μάχεσϑαι, aus Streitsucht kämpfen, Il. 6, 301; τὼ δ' αὖτις συνίτην ἔριδος πέρι, 16, 476, was auch »um zu kämpfen« erklärt werden kann; vgl. aber αἵτε χολωσάμεναι ἔριδος πέρι ϑυμοβόροιο νεικεῦσι, 20, 253; in περὶ πτωχῶν ἐριδαίνομεν, Od. 18, 403, liegt die Veranlassung, um die Bettler; περὶ ὀργῆς, aus, vor Zorn, Thuc. 4, 130; ἄνδρε δύω περὶ τῶνδε κελεύομεν, darum, hierüber, deswegen, Il. 23, 659. 802; vgl. πέμπειν περὶ Ποτιδαίας, Thuc. 1, 85; περὶ ὧν ἀφικόμην, Plat. Prot. 318 a; φεύγουσι περὶ τῆς νομοϑεσίας, Legg. X, 886 e; τοῦ πέρι; Prot. 312 b; τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ πολέμου γεγενημένην περὶ τοῠ τιμωρήσασϑαι Φίλιππον, Dem. 4, 43. – e) wie Her. 7, 102, ἀριϑμοῦ δὲ πέρι μὴ πύϑῃ, ὅσοι τινὲς ἐόντες ταῠτα ποιέειν οἷοί τέ εἰσι, περί vorausstellte: was die Zahl betrifft, so frage nicht, wie viel –, so steht zuweilen ohne einen Zusatz περί τινος im Anfange eines Satzes, was das betrifft, wie Plat. Phaedr. 250 c, περὶ κάλλους, ὥςπερ εἴπομεν, μετ' ἐκείνων τε ἔλαμπεν ἰόν, vgl. Gorg. 467 d Men. 72 c; περὶ μὲν δὴ βρώσεως καὶ πόσεως οὕτω παρε-σκευασμένος ἦν, Xen. Mem. 1, 3, 15; περὶ δὲ τῶν φιάλων –. τέως μὲν ᾤετο αὐτὸν ἀποίσειν τὰς φιάλας, Dem. 49, 62; περὶ μὲν γὰρ μαρτυρίας, ὅτι ψευδῆ μεμαρτυρήκασιν, αὐτοί μοι δοκοῦσιν ἐξελέγχειν –, 47, 4, vgl. 1, 11. – Daher wird es auch ohne Verbum zu Substantiven gesetzt, αἰτία περί τινος, Plat. Phaed. 95 e 97 d; vgl. Schäfer zu Schol. Ap. Rh. 4, 269; ὀλιγωρία περὶ τῶν ὅπλων, Pol. 11, 9, 2; ἐν ταῖς περὶ Ἡρακλέους πράξεσιν, D. Sic. 5, 35, wo es für den einfachen gen. gesetzt scheint; u. dient zur Umschreibung einer Sache mit allen ihren Nebenumständen, πῶς ποτ' ἔχει τὰ περὶ τῆς ἀρετῆς, Plat. Prot. 360 e, Alles, was sich auf die Tugend bezieht, die Tugend in allen ihren Beziehungen; τὰ περὶ τῆς δίκης, Phaed. 67 b; Thuc. sagt μηδὲν νεώτερον ποιεῖν περὶ τῶν ἀνδρῶν,· in Ansehung der Männer, 2, 6, u. ähnl. τὰ περὶ τῶν Πλαταιέων γεγενημένα, ibid., u. kürzer πιστευόντων τὰ περὶ τῆς στρατείας, 6, 32; τὰ περί τινος, was Einen angeht, was er thut, seine Schicksale, od. seine Handlungen, Xen. Hell. 1, 6, 28. 7, 4, 1, vgl. 6, 1, 7; τὸ περὶ τούτου γεγονός, Pol. 1, 54, 5; τὰ περὶ Σινώπης ἐν τούτοις ἦν, 4, 56, 9. – ti bei Hom. bedeutet περὶ πάντων, περὶ ἄλλων, vor allen, über alle, mehr als alle andern, also einen Vorzug vor diesen, ein Darüberhinausgehen, περὶ πάντων ἔμμεναι ἄλλων, alle übertreffen, Il. 1, 187 (vgl. περίειμι); u. so ist περὶ φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων an Verstand vor den Andern sein, sie an Verstand übertreffen, 17, 171, vgl. 1, 258. 13, 374. 631. 21, 214 Od. 1, 66. 24, 24; auch mit dem superl., περὶ δ' ἔγχει Ἀχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι, mit dem Speere bist du der Trefflichste unter den Achäern, Il. 7, 289; ὃς περὶ μὲν εἶδος, περὶ δ' ἔργα τέτυκτο τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν, 17, 279 Od. 11, 550, wo Wolf u. Bekker es als adv. fassend πέρι schreiben (s. oben A.). – Daran reiht sich die von Her. an, bes. bei den Attikern sehr geläufige Vrbdg περὶ πολλοῠ, πλείονος, πλείστου ποιεῖσϑαι, ἡγεῖσϑαι, hoch, höher, am höchsten halten, περὶ ὀλίγου, ἐλάττονος ποιεῖσϑαι, gering, geringer achten, περὶ οὐδενὸς ηγεῖσϑαι, Lys. 12, 7 u. sonst, für Nichts achten, περὶ παντὸς ποιεῖσϑαι u. ä., die unter den bezüglichen adj. u. verb. nachzusehen sind.

    2) cum dativo, um; gew. – a) in rein örtlicher Bdtg, um Etwas herum, ringsum, ἀσπαίρειν περὶ δουρί, Il. 13, 570; ἐρεικόμενος περὶ δουρί, 13, 441, u. περὶ δουρὶ πεπαρμένη, um den Spieß gesteckt, eigtl. an den Spieß gesteckt, so daß dieser rings umgeben ist, 21, 577; vgl. κυλίνδεσϑαι περὶ χαλκῷ, sich um das Erz wälzen, d. i. am Erze steckend sich wälzen, 8, 86. 183; u. ähnl. πεπτῶτα τῷδε περὶ νεοῤῥάντῳ ξίφει, Soph. Ai. 815; μάρνατο περὶ Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσι, Il. 18, 453; so περὶ στήϑεσσιν, 2, 416. 10, 21 u. oft; περὶ χροΐ, um den Leib, um die Haut, 8, 43. 13, 25 u. sonst; περὶ κροτάφοισι, 15, 648; περὶ δ' ἔγχεϊ χεῖρα καμεῖται, 2, 389; Od. 11, 424; auch bei Verbis der Bewegung, κνημῖδας μὲν πρῶτα περὶ κνήμῃσιν ἔϑηκεν, Il. 11, 17, wie ϑώρακα περὶ στήϑεσσιν ἔδυνεν, eigtl. er zog einen Panzer an, so daß er um die Brust saß, wie περὶ χροῒ ἕσσατο τεύχεα, er legte die Rüstung an, so daß sie um den Leib saß; περὶ βρέτει πλεχϑείς, Aesch. Eum. 248; μαντεῖα περὶ δέρῃ στέφη, Ag. 1238, Kränze um den Hals, wie περὶ τῇ χειρὶ χρυσοῠν δακτύλιον, Plat. Rep. II, 359 d, einen goldenen Ring um den Finger haben; χιτῶνες περὶ τοῖς στέρνοις καὶ μηροῖς, Xen. An. 7, 4, 4; περὶ μὲν τῇσι κεφάλῃσι εἶχον τιάρας, Her. 7, 61, wo er hinzusetzt περὶ δὲ τὸ σῶμα κιϑῶνας; – κεῖται νεκρὸς περὶ νεκρῷ, bei od. auf dem Todten, eigtl. den Todten umgebend, umschließend, Soph. Ant. 1225; u. so eine unbestimmte Nähe andeutend, neben, bei, περὶ δαιτί, Od. 2, 245, περὶ χειῇ, Il. 22, 95; περὶ φρεσὶν ἀλκή, Kraft um das Herz, 16, 157, wobei das Herz gleichsam als mit Kraft umpanzert dargestellt wird. Ueber περὶ κῆρι s. A. – Hierher kann man noch ziehen τί νέον περὶ σοί; Eur. I. A. 43, was Neues ist um dich, umgiebt dich, stößt dir zu? – b) aus dem noch örtlich zu nehmenden ἑσταότες περὶ Πατρόκλῳ, Il. 17, 355, wie ἑστήκει ὥς τίς τε λέων περὶ οἷσι τέκεσσιν, ib. 133, um Einen zur Vertheidigung sich stellen, wird es ähnlich wie mit dem gen. bei den Zeitwörtern des Kämpfens gebraucht, πόνος μάχης περὶ παιδί, Kampf um den Sohn, zu seiner Vertheidigung, 16, 568; μάχεσϑαι περὶ οἷσι κτεάτεσσι, um Hab und Gut, zur Vertheidigung seines Eigenthums kämpfen, Od. 17, 471; vgl. Ar. Equ. 1034, μαχεῖται ὥςπερ περὶ σκύμνοισι βεβηκώς; selten auch in Prosa, wie μὴ περὶ τοῖς φιλτάτοις κυβεύῃς, Plat. Prot. 313 e; häufiger bei Fürchten, Sorgen, wie man das homerische περὶ γὰρ δίε ποιμένι λαῶν, Il. 5, 566, ohne Tmesis erklären kann, περὶ γὰρ δίε νηυσίν 9, 433, wenn man 10, 240 ἔδδεισεν δὲ περὶ ξανϑῷ Μενελάῳ vergleicht; περὶ ἑωυτῷ δειμαίνοντα, Her. 3, 35; so φοβεῖσϑαι περί τινι, Thuc. 4, 123; Plat. Euthyd. 273 b; δείσας περὶ τῷ γένει ἡμῶν, Prot. 322 c; auch ϑαῤῥεῖν περί τινι, gutes Muthes sein wegen Etwas, Phaed. 114 d u. öfter. – c) ἀτύζεσϑαι περὶ καπνῷ, Il. 8, 183, heißt seit Wolf ὑπὸ καπνοῠ; doch drückt es sonst auch, wie das lat. prae, die Veranlassung, Ursache aus, vor, aus, σέβομαι δ' ἀντία λέξαι σέϑεν ἀρχαίῳ περὶ τάρβει, aus Furcht, Aesch. Pers. 682; vgl. Ilgen H. h. Cer. 429; so περὶ πλέγματι γαϑεῖ, er freut sich über, Theocr. 1, 54; λύπα περὶ παρϑένῳ, Eur. Hel. 1358.

    3) cumaccusati vo, um; zunächst – a) bei Verbis der Bewegung, den Gegenstand bezeichnend, um den sich Etwas herum bewegt, περὶ βόϑρον ἐφοίτων, Od. 11, 42; περὶ κεῖνον ὁμίλεον, 24, 19; περὶ φρένας ἤλυϑ' ἰωή, Il. 10, 139, vgl. 11, 89, wie περὶ φρένας ἤλυϑεν οἶνος, Od. 9, 362, der Wein περὶ λίϑον πεσών, Ar. Ach. 1195; λεύσσων περὶ πᾶν, Soph. O. C. 134; περὶ τὰ μνήματα κυλινδομένη, Plat. Phaed. 81 c. – Häufiger b) bei Verbis, die eine Ruhe, ein Verweilen bezeichnen, wenn ein größerer Umkreis bezeichnet werden soll, περὶ ἄστυ μάρνασϑαι, Il. 6, 256 u. oft; περὶ σῆμα, τέρματα, 24, 16. 22, 162 u. oft; ἑστάμεναι περὶ τοῖχον, an der Wand rings herum stehen, 18, 374; περὶ Πηνειὸν ναίεσκον, 2, 757, wie περὶ Δωδώνην οἰκί' ἔϑεντο, 2, 750; νῦν ὀΐω περὶ γούνατ' ἐμὰ στήσεσϑαι Ἀχαιούς, 11, 609; φυλάσσον τες περὶ μῆλα, um die Heerden, 12, 303; ἑλισσόμενοι περὶ δίνας, um die Strudel oder in den Strudeln sich herumdrehend, 21, 11, u. in ähnlichen Beziehungen oft; auch περί τ' ἀμφί τε τάφρον, verstärkt, 17, 760; περί τ' ἀμφί τε κύματα, Hes. Th. 848; u. περὶ πίδακας ἀμφί, Theocr. 7, 142, rings herum; ὃ καὶ περὶ πρύμναν πόλεως καχλάζει, Aesch. Spt. 742, von den Wellen, wie 108; περὶ τεῖχος ϑήκας Ἰλιάδος γῆς εὔμορφοι κατέχουσιν, Ag. 440; οὓς πέρι πᾶσα χϑὼν στένεται, Pers. 61; περὶ τὴν ϑάλασσαν οἰκοῠντες, Plat. Phaed. 109 b, vgl. Tim. 40 a Theaet. 208 d; περὶ τὸ βασίλειον, Xen. Cyr. 2, 4, 4; περὶ τοὺς πόδας περιειλεῖν, um die Füße umwickeln, An. 4, 5, 36; – Plat. sagt auch περὶ τὴν κρήνην εὕδειν, an der Quelle schlafen, Phaedr. 259 a. – Oft wird nur im Allgemeinen ein Umkreis damit bezeichnet, χρονίζειν περὶ Αἴγυπτον, Her. 3, 61, wie διατρίβειν περὶ Πιερίην, 7, 131, u. öfter, wo wir es durch in dem Lande übersetzen müssen; vgl. ᾤκουν περὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Σικελίαν, sie wohnten in ganz Sicilien umher, Thuc. 6, 2; εὕροι δ' ἄν τις οὐκ ἐλάττους περὶ τοὺς βαρβάρους ἢ τοὺς Ἕλληνας, bei den Barbaren, Plat. Rep. VIII, 547 b; Φίλιππος περὶ Ἑλλήςποντον ὤν, Dem. 8, 3; οἱ περὶ Φωκίδα τόποι, Pol. 5, 24, 12; vgl. Schäfer zu Schol. Par. Ap. Rh. 4, 132. – c) oft von Personen, die zu Jemandes Umgebung oder Gefolge gehören, οἱ περί τινα, τῶν περὶ ἑαυτὸν δορυφόρων, die Trabanten seines Gefolges, Plat. Rep. VIII, 567 e, wobei aber gew. die Person selbst mitgerechnet wird, so daß οἱ περὶ Ἡράκλειτον, Crat. 440 c, den Heraklit und seine Anhänger, die man als ein Ganzes zu betrachten gewohnt ist, bedeutet; vgl. Phil. 44 c; Xen. An. 1, 5, 7. 2, 4, 2; Sp., wie Pol. u. Folgde bezeichnen damit auch wohl die Person allein, ohne weitere Beziehung auf die Umgebung, doch so, daß man dabei weniger an die wirkliche Persönlichkeit der Einzelnen, als an ihre Eigenschaften, den Umfang aller Eigenthümlichkeiten dachte (vgl. e). – d) wie schon Hom. vrbdt περὶ δόρπα πονεῖσϑαι, περὶ δεῖπνον πένεσϑαι, sich um die Mahlzeit beschäftigen, Il. 24, 244 Od. 4, 624, vgl. περὶ τεύχεα ἕπο υσι, sie sind geschäftig um die Waffen her, Il. 15, 555, wo noch an ein eigentliches Umherlaufen zu denken ist, u. αἰεὶ περὶ κεῖνον ὀΐζυε, 3, 408, bei ihm sitzend, trauernd um ihn, – so ist περί τι εἶναι, γίγνεσϑαι = um Etwas sein, sich damit beschäftigen, drückt also das Beziehen der Thätigkeit auf einen Gegenstand aus, der als der Mittelpunkt derselben betrachtet wird, ἣ ἂν ᾖ περὶ λόγους, Plat. Gorg. 450 b, οἱ περὶ ταῠτα ὄντες, Phaedr. 273 a; und so sind οἱ περὶ τὴν ϑήραν die sich mit der Jagd beschäftigen, die Jäger, Soph. 220 d; οἱ περὶ τὰς τελετάς, Phaed. 69 c; vgl. Xen. οἱ μὲν περὶ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἦσαν, An. 3, 5, 7; περὶ τὸ βοηϑεῖν ἐγίγνοντο, Pol. 1, 41, 6; ὁ περὶ τὰς πράξεις, 9, 1, 4. – e) daher überhaupt sich auf Etwas beziehen, αἱ νομοϑεσίαι καὶ τὸ ὠφέλιμον περὶ τὸ μέλλον ἐστίν, Plat. Theaet. 179 a; περὶ λόγου δύναμίν ἐστι πᾶσα αὕτη ἡ πραγματεία, Crat. 408 a; auch λέγειν περὶ τὰ σιτία, Gorg. 490 c, vgl. Soph. 232 b. So bei vielen andern Verbis; εὐσέβει περὶ ξένους, Eur. Alc. 1151, wie εὐσεβεῖν περὶ ϑεούς, Plat. Conv. 193 b, fromm sein in Beziehung auf die Götter, gegen die Götter; κακουργεῖν περί τινα, Ar. Nub. 994; ὅσια περὶ ϑεούς, Eur. Suppl. 367; τὰ προςήκοντα πράττοι ἄν τις περὶ ϑεοὺς καὶ περὶ ἀνϑρώπους, Plat. Gorg. 507 a; τὸ περὶ σὲ ἄριστον, das Beste in Beziehung auf dich, für dich, Legg. X, 903 d; ὅ, τι χρηστὸν ἢ πονηρὸν περὶ τὸ σῶμα, Prot. 313 d; τοιοῦτος περὶ ἐμέ, so gegen mich, Xen. Cyr. 5, 4, 12; ἄδικος, κακὸς περί τινα, An. 1, 6, 8. 4, 8; προϑυμία περί τι, 7, 6, 11; ἁμαρτάνειν περί τινα, 3, 2, 20; vgl. Her. περὶ τούτους οὕτως εἶχε, 8, 85. – Auch ἐγκωμιαζόντων αὐτὸν περὶ τὴν μάχην, Plat. Theaet. 142 b, loben in Beziehung auf den Kampf, um oder über den Kampf, wie ἄγασϑαί τινα περί τι, Legg. XII, 948 b; οὐ γὰρ σμικροὶ περὶ αὐτὰ φϑόνοι τε γίγνονται καὶ ἄλλαι δυςμένειαι, Prot. 316 d. – Daher dient es zu Umschreibungen, wo der Genitiv oder ein Adjectivum in der Uebersetzung bequemer ist, ἡ περὶ ἡμᾶς ἡνιόχησις, Plat. Phaedr. 246 b, = ἡμῶν; τὰ περὶ τὸ σῶμα, was sich auf den Körper bezieht, das Körperliche, 246 d; τὸ περὶ ἀνδρείαν γένος, Polit. 310 d; τοῦ περὶ Φωκέας ὀλέϑρου, welches die Phoceer betroffen, Dem. 19, 76; τὰ περὶ τὸν Ἄππιον προτερήματα, Pol. 1, 16, 1; τὸ γεγονὸς σύμπτωμα περὶ τὸν Γναῖον, 1, 22, 1; δειλία περὶ τὸν ἡγεμόνα γενομένη, 3, 81, 7, ist die Feigheit des Feldherrn selbst; vgl. Antiph. 4 δ 2, δοκεῖ μοι περὶ τὸν ἄρξαντα τῆς πληγῆς τὸ ἀδίκημα εἶναι, d. i. der angefangen hat zu schlagen, hat Unrecht gethan; – τὰ περὶ τὸν Κῦρον u. ä. oft bei Her., Alles, was den Kyrus betrifft; τὰ περὶ τὴν ἀρετήν, was zur Tugend gehört, daher die Tugend selbst. – f) bei Zeitbestimmungen wird ein nur ungefähr bestimmter Abschnitt angegeben, περὶ τὰ Μηδικά, um die Zeit der Perserkriege, περὶ τούτους τοὺς χρόνους, um diese Zeit, Thuc. 3, 89; περὶ μέσας νύκτας, Xen. An. 1, 7, 1 Cyr. 4, 5, 13 u. öfter; περὶ ἀρίστου ὥραν, Hell. 1, 1, 12; περὶ τοὺς καιροὺς τούτους, Isocr. 4, 73; Sp. – g) auch bei unbestimmten, ungefähren Zahlenangaben wird περί gebraucht, περὶ ἔτη μάλιστα πέντε καὶ ἑξήκοντα, Plat. Parmen. 127 b; Xen. u. Folgde; zuweilen ist es dann ohne Einfluß auf den Casus, vgl. Lob. zu Phryn. 410.

    Seinem Casus wird περί in allen Verbindungen nachgestellt und erleidet dann die Anastrophe, πέρι; Beispiele aus Dichtern und aus der Prosa sind schon oben mit angeführt; auffallend ist Plat. Legg. VII, 809 e, γραμμάτων εἴπομεν ὡς οὐχ ἱκανῶς ἔχεις πέρι. S. auch Arist. poet. 22.

    In der Zusammensetzung bedeutet περί bes. – a) um, rings um, περιβάλλω, περιβλέπω u. ä., – herum, Vollendung eines Kreislaufes und Rückkehr zu demselben Punkte, von dem die Bewegung ausgegangen war, περιβαίνω, περιέρχομαι. – b) ein Darüberhinausgehen, Ueberschreiten, Uebertreffen, ü ber, περιγίγνομαι, περίειμι, περιτοξεύω. – c) bes. bei adj. eine Verstärkung des einfachen Begriffs, περικαλλής. – d) in περιδέξιος drückt es wie ἀμφί den Begriff der Zweiheit aus.

    Das ι wird bei περί in der Regel vor einem Vocal nicht elidirt; nur im Aeolischen kam diese Elision vor, u. so sagt Pind. Ol. 6, 38 ταύτας περ' ἀτλάτου πάϑας, nach Böckh; περίαχε für περιίαχε Hes. Th. 678, nachgeahmt von Qu. Sm. 3, 601. 11, 382. – In der attischen Comödie folgt auf περί ein mit einem Vocal anfangendes Wort, ohne daß dies als Hiatus gilt, Ar. Equ. 1011 st, u. sonst oft.

    Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > περί

  • 6 censeo

    1. cēnseo, suī, sum, ēre ( oskisch censaum = censere), begutachten, I) im allg., den Wert einer Sache prüfen, schätzen, taxieren, A) eig.: 1) übh.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, Cic. parad. 6, 48: in quo (anulo) censendum nil nisi dantis amor, Ov. am. 2, 15, 2. – 2) insbes., als publiz. t. t.: a) den Namen u. das Vermögen der röm. Bürger schätzen, kontrollieren (das Amt des Zensors, s. censor), censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias pecuniasque censento, Cic. de legg. 3, 7: ne absens censeare, Cic.: censeri omnes homines iussit, Oros.: censebantur eius aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum, Liv.: qui minore summā aeris censebantur, Gell.: aliena censendo sua facere, Cic.: censendo (verst. censui) finem facere, Liv. – capite censi, die unterste, ärmste Bürgerklasse, die nicht dem Vermögen nach geschätzt, sondern nur nach Personen gezählt wurde, Sall. Iug. 86, 2; vgl. Gell. 16, 10. § 10 sqq. – sintne ista praedia censui censendo, können sie (als wirkliches Eigentum des Besitzers) in die Zensorliste aufgenommen werden, Cic. Flacc. 79: legem censui censendo dicere, eine Formel, Taxe für die abzuhaltende Zensur feststellen, Liv. 43, 14, 5: censendi formula, diese Formel selbst, die Taxe, Liv. 4, 8, 4. – b) von der in die Zensorliste aufzunehmenden Person selbst, schätzen = als sein Vermögen angeben (so
    ————
    auch als Depon. cēnseor, cēnsus sum, cēnserī), in qua tribu denique ista praedia censuisti? Cic. Flacc. 80: magnum agri modum, Cic.: servos censeri, Cic. – c) subst., cēnsum, ī, n. = census, ūs (no. II, b), Cic. poët. de consul. fr. inc. p. 134 K. (p. 342, 9 ed. Klotz.). – B) übtr.: 1) übh.: censeor cognomine od. nomine, ich werde mit einem Namen angegeben, d.i. es wird mir ein Name beigelegt, quo cognomine censeretur interrogatus, Val. Max. 8, 7. ext. 2: nomen quo tu censeris aiebat, Apul. met. 5, 26 extr.: hoc enim nomine censebatur iam meus dominus, ibid. 8, 25 extr. – censeri de alqo, als zu jmd. gehörig betrachtet werden, Ov. ex Pont. 2, 5, 73; 3, 1, 75. – censeri alqam dilectam inter comites suas, jmd. als Liebling unter seinen Begleiterinnen gelten lassen, Ov. ex Pont. 1, 2, 139. – 2) insbes., censeri alqā re, nach etw. geschätzt werden, durch etw. seinen eigentlichen Wert gewinnen, hic te commilitone censetur, Plin. pan.: multiplici variāque doctrinā, Suet.: divitiis, Val. Max. – II) prägn., (nach Prüfung aller Umstände) seine Ansicht od. Meinung od. sich dahin aussprechen, der Ansicht-, der Meinung sein, raten, anraten, dafürhalten, für zweckmäßig, billig, wahr erachten, 1) im allg.: a) m. Advv.: haud aliter censeo, Ter.: ita prorsus censeo, Cic. – b) mit Acc., u. zwar: α) mit einfachem allg. Acc.: tibi igitur hoc censeo, für dich nun ist mein Rat, Cic.: quid ergo censes? Cic.: quod censueris, fa-
    ————
    ciam, Cic. – β) m. dopp. Acc.: cum aspicias tristem, frugi censeas, Plaut.: quid me od. illum censes? was denkst du von mir od. ihm? (s. Ribbeck Coroll. ad Comic. Lat. fr. p. LXV II. Brix Plaut. trin. 811. Klotz Ter. Andr. 853. p. 85): quid censes munera terrae? Hor.: nec bona censendum, quae Fors infida dedisse valet, Sil. – c) m. ut u. Konj., Plaut. merc. 483. Varr. sat. Men. 550. Cic. de or. 2, 290; od. m. ne u. Konj., Suet. Aug. 94, 3. – d) m. bl. (meist eingeschobenem) Konj. (s. Seyff. Cic. Lael. 5, 17. p. 103. Halm Cic. Cat. 4, 13. Heerw. Liv. 21, 19, 10), ich dächte, dächte ich, censeo eas, Plaut.: magno opere censeo desistas, Cic.: nunc quoque accersas censeo omnes navales terrestresque copias, Liv.: misereamini censeo, Sall.: censeo libens dormias, Fronto. – e) m. Acc. u. Infin.: non vidisse undas me maiores censeo, Plaut.: dum illud, quod miser est, clam esse censet alteros, Acc. fr.: adeon me esse pervicacem censes, Ter.: ego amplius deliberandum censeo, Ter.: im Passiv mit Nom. u. Infin., comoediae, quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur, Gell. 3, 3. § 3. – f) m. Infin.: delubra esse in urbibus censeo, Cic.: cum alii in Palatium redire, alii Capitolium petere, plerique rostra occupanda censerent, Tac.: censeo ergo in propinquo agrum mercari, Col. – g) absol.: rem (den Tatbestand) cum videas, censeas, da kannst du's ermessen, Ter. heaut. 1023. – u. als Ausdruck der Beistimmung
    ————
    od. ironisch der Verneinung, ich denke ( dächte), ich denke ( dächte) doch (vgl. Ussing Plaut. Amph. 959. p. 325 u. die Auslgg. zu Ter. eun. 2, 1, 11), PL. Censen hodie despondebit eam mihi quaeso? TR. Censeo, Plaut.: PH. ego rus ibo atque ibi manebo. PA. Censeo, Ter. – 2) als publiz. t. t., a) in der Beratung für etw. stimmen, sein Votum abgeben, auf etw. antragen, zu etw. raten (konstr. mit folg. Infin. Pass. od. mit folg. Acc. [bes. Partic. Fut. Pass.] u. Jnfin. od. m. folg. ut od. ne m. Konj.; vgl. Fabr Liv. 24, 22, 5; Held Caes. b. c. 1, 67, 1), bona censuerunt reddi, Liv.: reddenda censebat bona, Liv.: captivos reddendos in senatu non censuit, Cic.: plerique censebant, ut noctu iter facerent, Caes. – m. bl. Acc. (s. Nipperd. Tac. ann. 13, 8), pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebant, Caes.: zugl. m. ne u. Konj., non arma neque secessionem, tantummodo ne amplius sanguinem vestrum praebeatis, censebo, Sall. fr. – b) insbes., t. t. für die Willensentscheidung des Senats (wie iubere für die des populus), beschließen, verordnen, quae Patres censuerunt, vos iubete, Liv.: senatus censuit, uti etc., Caes.: S. P. Q. R. verbis nuntient velle et censere, eos ab armis discedere, Sall.: bellum Samnitibus Patres censuerunt, Liv.: u. so cens. alci alqd (aram, triumphi insignia etc.), zuerkennen, Tac. – ⇒ Perf. censiit, Gromat. vet. 231, 1. – Infin. Praes. Pass. censiri, Gromat. vet. 234, 2: u. ders.
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    parag. censerier, Plaut. capt. prol. 15. – Partic. Perf. censītus, Chalcid. Tim. 344. Gromat. vet. 211, 8 u.a. Cod. Iust. 11, 47, 6 sqq. – censen = censesne, Plaut. merc. 461.
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    2. cēnseo = succenseo, zürnen, Varr. sat. Men. 72.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > censeo

  • 7 prorsus

    1. prōrsus (altlat. prossus, prōsus), Adv. (pro u. versus), vorwärts gekehrt, I) eig.: a) vorwärts (Ggstz. rursus, rūsus, rückwärts), non prorsus, sed transvorsus cedit, quasi cancer solet, Plaut. Pseud. 955: rursus prorsus reciprocat fluctus, Enn. fr. scen. 116: mortales multi rursus ac prorsus meant, Varro sat. Men. 28: bildl., prorsus ibat res, die Sache kam in guten Zug, Cic. ad Att. 14, 20, 4. – b) geradeswegs, geradezu, vide ne ille huc prorsus se inruat, Ter. adelph. 550. – II) übtr.: a) zeitlich vorwärts, naturae prorsus ac retro aeviternae, Apul. de deo Socr. 3. – b) hinfort, qui invident, ne umquam eorum quisquam invideat prosus commodis, Plaut. most. 307. – c) geradezu, α) = gewiß sehr, durchaus, ganz und gar, gänzlich, pr. perii, Plaut.: pr. tacere nequeo, Ter.: ita pr. existimo, Cic.: pr. ita sentio, Cic.: prorsus assentior, Cic.: pr. aequum est petere, Trag. vet.: verbum pr. nullum intellego, Cic.: nam tu poëta es prossus ad eam rem unicus, Plaut.: sed ea prorsus opportuna Catilinae, die Umstände waren K. durchaus günstig, Sall.: pr. rem magni et animi et operis aggressus, eines gewiß sehr gr. usw., Iustin.: ironisch, grati prorsus (recht schön willkommen) coniugibus, quas iuvenes duximus, revertemur! Curt. 5, 5 (18), 13. – non prorsus, nullo modo prorsus, durchaus nicht, ganz und gar nicht, non prorsus (verst. video), inquit, Cic.: nullo modo
    ————
    prorsus assentior, Cic.: nullo modo potest fieri prorsus quin dos detur virgini, Plaut. (vgl. Schömann, Cic. de nat. deor. 3, 21. Brix Plaut. trin. 729). – prorsus quasi, durchaus ( ganz) wie wenn, Iustin. 1, 7, 16 (u. dazu Fittbogen) u.a. – prorsus ut m. Konj., so daß durchaus, so daß gewiß, Cic. Rosc. Amer. 59; Tull. 18. Plin. 14, 58. Flor. 1, 11, 15. Iustin. 2, 1, 4. Gell. 2, 23, 1. – β) um es geradezu zu sagen, mit einem Worte, überhaupt, Sall. Cat. 15, 5 (u. dazu Kritz u. Fabri); 23, 2. Sall. Iug. 23, 1 u.a. – ⇒ Über die archaist. Form prosus (prossus) s. Ritschl Prolegg. ad Plaut. trin. p. CIV. Fleckeisen in Jahrbb. für klass. Philol. 60, 255. Ritschl opusc. 2, 544. Hertz Vindic. Gell. 2. p. 60.
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    2. prōrsus, a, um, Adi. (pro u. versus), I) vor sich hin-, geradeaus gekehrt (Ggstz. transvorsus), prorsi limites, von Westen nach Osten gehende (Ggstz. transvorsi limites, von Norden nach Süden gehende), Fest. p. 234 (a), 1 u. Paul. ex Fest 235, 1. Gromat. vet 29, 9 u. 16; 167, 16 a. – subst., Prōrsa, ae, f., die Göttin der regelmäßigen, mit dem Kopfe voran erfolgenden Geburten (Ggstz. Postverta, w. s.), Varro b. Gell. 16, 16, 4. – II) übtr., v. der Rede, die gerade od. schlicht ist, ungebunden, im Ggstz. zum Verse, prorsa et vorsa facundia, in Prosa u. Versen, Apul. flor. 18. p. 32, 1 Kr. – Aus diesem Worte scheint entstanden zu sein das Adi. prōsus, a, um, prosaisch, oratio prosa od. subst. bl. prōsa, ae, f., die ungebundene Schreibart, die Prosa, Sen., Colum. u.a.: prosā incipit, versu labitur, pedestri sermone finitur, Hieron. epist. 53, 9 (Plin. 5, 112 jetzt mit den besten Hdschrn. prorsa oratio).

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > prorsus

  • 8 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
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    844. Tyson, P. (1982) A developmental line of gender identity, gender role, and choice of love object. JAPA, 30.
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    846. Tyson, P. & Tyson, R. L. The psychoanalitic theory of development. PMC. Forthcoming.
    847. Tyson, P. & Tyson, R. L. (1984) Narcissism and superego development. JAPA, 34.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 9 invidendus

    1.
    in-vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2, v. a.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., i. q. baskainein (fascinare), to look askance at, to look maliciously or spitefully at, to cast an evil eye upon (only anteclass.).—With acc.: ut est in Menalippo: quisnam florem liberūm invidit meūm? Male Latine videtur; sed praeclare Attius; ut enim videre, sic invidere florem rectius, quam flori. Nos consuetudine prohibemur;

    poëta jus suum tenuit et dixit audacius,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Absol.:

    ne quis malus invidere possit,

    produce misfortune by his evil eye, Cat. 5, 12 sq. —
    B.
    Trop., to be prejudiced against one, to be influenced by prejudice:

    semper dignitatis iniquus judex est, qui aut invidet aut favet,

    Cic. Planc. 3, 7; cf.:

    cui nisi invidisset is, etc.,

    id. Fam. 5, 21, 2.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    (I. q. phthonein tini tinos.) To envy or grudge one any thing.
    (α).
    With dat. of the person or thing exciting the feeling:

    malim mihi inimicos invidere quam inimicis me meis,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 30:

    invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209; id. Ac. 2, 2, 7:

    probus invidet nemini,

    id. Univ. 3:

    bonis,

    Sall. C. 51, 38:

    invidet ipsa sibi,

    Ov. F. 2, 591:

    Troasin,

    id. H. 13, 137.— Pass. impers.:

    sibi ne invideatur,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 15:

    illi, quibus invidetur,

    id. Truc. 4, 2, 32:

    invidia dicitur... etiam in eo cui invidetur,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

    si is cui invidetur, et invidet,

    Sen. Ep. 84, 11. — Of the thing:

    eorum commodis,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149:

    honori,

    Verg. A. 5, 541; Cic. Agr. 2 fin.:

    virtuti,

    id. Balb. 6, 15; id. de Or. 2, 51, 208:

    virtuti vestrae,

    Sall. C. 58, 21:

    omnia tunc quibus invideas si lividulus sis,

    Juv. 11, 110.—
    (β).
    Alicui in aliqua re:

    in qua (purpura) tibi invideo, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 29, 70:

    in hoc Crasso,

    id. de Or. 2, 56, 228.—
    (γ).
    Alicui with gen. of the thing ( poet.):

    neque ille Sepositi ciceris nec longae invidit avenae,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 84.—
    (δ).
    Alicui aliqua re:

    non inviderunt laude sua mulieribus viri Romani,

    Liv. 2, 40, 11:

    nobis voluptate,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2; so with abl. alone:

    ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

    Tac. A. 1, 22; id. Germ. 33:

    nec invidebo vobis hac arte,

    Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. §

    7: qua (ratione) nulli mortalium invideo,

    id. de Vit. Beat. 24, 6; cf.:

    si anticum sermonem nostro comparemus, paene jam quidquid loquimur figura est, ut hac re invidere, non ut omnes veteres et Cicero praecipue, hanc rem,

    Quint. 9, 3, 11. —
    (ε).
    With ob: ob secundas res malorum hominum, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 5. —
    (ζ).
    Absol.:

    qui invident, eorum, etc.,

    of envious men, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149; Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17:

    qui invidet minor est,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 4; Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

    non equidem invideo,

    Verg. E. 1, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 1; id. P. 1, 8, 8:

    invidit Clytie,

    id. M. 4, 234.—
    (η).
    Alicui aliquid (mostly post-class.; not in Cic.; cf.

    Krebs, Antibarb. p. 624 sq.): fama fuit Monuni Dardanorum principis filiam pacto fratri eum invidisse,

    Liv. 44, 30, 4 Weissenb.:

    sibi laudem,

    Curt. 9, 4, 21:

    nobis caeli te regia, Caesar, invidet,

    Verg. G. 1, 504:

    mihi senectus invidet imperium,

    id. A. 8, 509; cf.:

    Liber pampineas invidit collibus umbras,

    i. e. deprives of, id. E. 7, 58 Forbig. ad loc.; cf. D. infra; Ov. F. 4, 86:

    homini misero medicinam,

    Petr. 129:

    sibi voluptatem,

    Spart. Hadr. 20 init.; Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 1. —
    (θ).
    Alicui with object-clause:

    invidere alii bene esse, tibi male esse, miseriast,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 31:

    nullus est cui non invideant rem secundam optingere,

    id. Bacch. 3, 6, 14.—
    (ι).
    Aliquid alone, to envy the possession of, envy one on account of:

    oro vos id mihi dare quod multi invideant, plures concupiscant,

    Nep. Thras. 4, 2:

    nam quis invideat mala,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 36; cf.: haec qui gaudent, gaudeant perpetuo suo bono;

    qui invident, etc.,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 49. — Pass.: ego cur, acquirere pauca Si possum, invideor? (for cur mihi invidetur) am I envied? Hor. A. P. 56.— Impers.:

    invidetur enim commodis hominum ipsorum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 51:

    non dixi invidiam, quae tum est, cum invidetur,

    id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Hence, P. a., invĭdendus, a, um, enviable:

    aula,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 7:

    postis,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 45; Sen. Const. Sap. 13, 3. —
    B.
    To be loath, be unwilling; with a foll. inf. ( poet.):

    invidens deduci triumpho,

    Hor. C. 1, 37, 30. —With abl.: invidere igne rogi miseris, to grudge, i. e. not grant a burning and burial, Luc. 7, 798.—With inf.:

    his te quoque jungere, Caesar, Invideo,

    am not willing, Luc. 2, 550.—
    C.
    To emulate, aspire to rival:

    Caesar et se illius gloriae invidere, et illum suae invidisse dixit,

    Val. Max. 5, 1, 10.—
    D.
    To hinder, prevent; to refuse, deny:

    plurima, quae invideant pure apparere tibi rem,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 100:

    invidisse deos, ut Conjugium optatum viderem,

    Verg. A. 11, 269; cf.:

    tene invidit fortuna mihi, ne, etc.,

    id. ib. 11, 43:

    Cereri totum natura concessit, oleum ac vinum non invidit tautum,

    Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 8:

    nobis invidit inutile ferrum,

    Ov. P. 2, 8, 59: nec famam invidit Apollo, Sil. 4, 400.—With dat. and abl.:

    tibi laude, nobis voluptate,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2.— With abl. alone:

    ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

    Tac. A. 1, 22:

    exemplo,

    id. ib. 15, 63:

    spectaculo proelii,

    id. G. 33:

    bona morte,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8.—Hence,
    1.
    invĭdens, entis, P. a., envious:

    nocere invidenti,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17; Hor. C. 1, 37, 30; Vell. 2, 73, 1:

    sive apud cupidos sive apud invidentes dicendum habuerit orator,

    Tac. Dial. 31 med. —
    2.
    invīsus, a, um, P. a.
    a.
    Hated, hateful, detested (class.).
    (α).
    Of persons, animals, etc.:

    persona lutulenta, impura, invisa,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    Cato,

    id. Dom. 25, 65:

    suspectos alios invisosque efficere,

    Liv. 41, 24, 18:

    me invisum meo patri esse intellego,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 79:

    invisos nos esse illos,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 48:

    deo,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167:

    caelestibus,

    Verg. A. 1, 387:

    divis,

    id. ib. 2, 647:

    Minervae,

    id. G. 4, 246; Ov. Am. 2, 6, 34:

    dominae deae,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 18:

    infamem invisumque plebei Claudium facere,

    Liv. 27, 20, 11:

    ne invisi apud incolas forent, caverunt,

    Just. 36, 2, 15; Quint. 3, 7, 19; 5, 13, 38:

    (Helena) abdiderat sese atque aris invisa sedebat,

    Verg. A. 2, 574 Forbig. ed. 4 ad loc.; cf.:

    Tyndaridis facies invisa,

    id. ib. 2, 601. — Comp.:

    quo quis versutior et callidior est, hoc invisior et suspectior,

    Cic. Off. 2, 9.— Sup.:

    ipsi invisissimus fuerat,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 20.—
    (β).
    Of inanim. and abstr. things:

    cupressus,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 23:

    negotia,

    id. Ep. 1, 14, 17:

    dis inmortalibus oratio nostra,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

    regna dis invisa,

    Verg. A. 8, 245:

    Troja jacet Danais invisa puellis,

    Ov. H. 1, 3:

    improbitas judici,

    Quint. 6, 4, 15:

    potestatem invisam facere,

    Liv. 3, 9, 10:

    nomen Romanum ad aliquem,

    id. 24, 32, 2:

    omnia invisa efficere,

    id. 42, 42, 5:

    lux,

    Verg. A. 4, 631:

    facies,

    id. ib. 9, 734:

    vita,

    id. ib. 11, 177:

    lumina,

    id. ib. 12, 62:

    aurum,

    Prop. 3, 5, 3:

    locus,

    Ov. P. 2, 8, 64:

    liberalitas,

    Curt. 8, 8, 9:

    Macedonum nomen,

    id. 10, 1, 4.—
    b.
    In act. sense = inimicus, hostile, malicious (rare and poet.):

    invisum quem tu tibi fingis,

    Verg. A. 11, 364; cf.:

    quae tanta licentia ferri, Gentibus invisis Latium praebere cruorem,

    Luc. 1, 9:

    invisa belli consulibus fugiens mandat decreta senatus,

    id. 1, 488.
    2.
    in-vĭdĕo, false reading for non vidit, App. Mag. p. 391 Oud.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > invidendus

  • 10 invideo

    1.
    in-vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2, v. a.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., i. q. baskainein (fascinare), to look askance at, to look maliciously or spitefully at, to cast an evil eye upon (only anteclass.).—With acc.: ut est in Menalippo: quisnam florem liberūm invidit meūm? Male Latine videtur; sed praeclare Attius; ut enim videre, sic invidere florem rectius, quam flori. Nos consuetudine prohibemur;

    poëta jus suum tenuit et dixit audacius,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Absol.:

    ne quis malus invidere possit,

    produce misfortune by his evil eye, Cat. 5, 12 sq. —
    B.
    Trop., to be prejudiced against one, to be influenced by prejudice:

    semper dignitatis iniquus judex est, qui aut invidet aut favet,

    Cic. Planc. 3, 7; cf.:

    cui nisi invidisset is, etc.,

    id. Fam. 5, 21, 2.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    (I. q. phthonein tini tinos.) To envy or grudge one any thing.
    (α).
    With dat. of the person or thing exciting the feeling:

    malim mihi inimicos invidere quam inimicis me meis,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 30:

    invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209; id. Ac. 2, 2, 7:

    probus invidet nemini,

    id. Univ. 3:

    bonis,

    Sall. C. 51, 38:

    invidet ipsa sibi,

    Ov. F. 2, 591:

    Troasin,

    id. H. 13, 137.— Pass. impers.:

    sibi ne invideatur,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 15:

    illi, quibus invidetur,

    id. Truc. 4, 2, 32:

    invidia dicitur... etiam in eo cui invidetur,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

    si is cui invidetur, et invidet,

    Sen. Ep. 84, 11. — Of the thing:

    eorum commodis,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149:

    honori,

    Verg. A. 5, 541; Cic. Agr. 2 fin.:

    virtuti,

    id. Balb. 6, 15; id. de Or. 2, 51, 208:

    virtuti vestrae,

    Sall. C. 58, 21:

    omnia tunc quibus invideas si lividulus sis,

    Juv. 11, 110.—
    (β).
    Alicui in aliqua re:

    in qua (purpura) tibi invideo, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 29, 70:

    in hoc Crasso,

    id. de Or. 2, 56, 228.—
    (γ).
    Alicui with gen. of the thing ( poet.):

    neque ille Sepositi ciceris nec longae invidit avenae,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 84.—
    (δ).
    Alicui aliqua re:

    non inviderunt laude sua mulieribus viri Romani,

    Liv. 2, 40, 11:

    nobis voluptate,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2; so with abl. alone:

    ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

    Tac. A. 1, 22; id. Germ. 33:

    nec invidebo vobis hac arte,

    Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. §

    7: qua (ratione) nulli mortalium invideo,

    id. de Vit. Beat. 24, 6; cf.:

    si anticum sermonem nostro comparemus, paene jam quidquid loquimur figura est, ut hac re invidere, non ut omnes veteres et Cicero praecipue, hanc rem,

    Quint. 9, 3, 11. —
    (ε).
    With ob: ob secundas res malorum hominum, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 5. —
    (ζ).
    Absol.:

    qui invident, eorum, etc.,

    of envious men, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149; Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17:

    qui invidet minor est,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 4; Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

    non equidem invideo,

    Verg. E. 1, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 1; id. P. 1, 8, 8:

    invidit Clytie,

    id. M. 4, 234.—
    (η).
    Alicui aliquid (mostly post-class.; not in Cic.; cf.

    Krebs, Antibarb. p. 624 sq.): fama fuit Monuni Dardanorum principis filiam pacto fratri eum invidisse,

    Liv. 44, 30, 4 Weissenb.:

    sibi laudem,

    Curt. 9, 4, 21:

    nobis caeli te regia, Caesar, invidet,

    Verg. G. 1, 504:

    mihi senectus invidet imperium,

    id. A. 8, 509; cf.:

    Liber pampineas invidit collibus umbras,

    i. e. deprives of, id. E. 7, 58 Forbig. ad loc.; cf. D. infra; Ov. F. 4, 86:

    homini misero medicinam,

    Petr. 129:

    sibi voluptatem,

    Spart. Hadr. 20 init.; Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 1. —
    (θ).
    Alicui with object-clause:

    invidere alii bene esse, tibi male esse, miseriast,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 31:

    nullus est cui non invideant rem secundam optingere,

    id. Bacch. 3, 6, 14.—
    (ι).
    Aliquid alone, to envy the possession of, envy one on account of:

    oro vos id mihi dare quod multi invideant, plures concupiscant,

    Nep. Thras. 4, 2:

    nam quis invideat mala,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 36; cf.: haec qui gaudent, gaudeant perpetuo suo bono;

    qui invident, etc.,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 49. — Pass.: ego cur, acquirere pauca Si possum, invideor? (for cur mihi invidetur) am I envied? Hor. A. P. 56.— Impers.:

    invidetur enim commodis hominum ipsorum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 51:

    non dixi invidiam, quae tum est, cum invidetur,

    id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Hence, P. a., invĭdendus, a, um, enviable:

    aula,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 7:

    postis,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 45; Sen. Const. Sap. 13, 3. —
    B.
    To be loath, be unwilling; with a foll. inf. ( poet.):

    invidens deduci triumpho,

    Hor. C. 1, 37, 30. —With abl.: invidere igne rogi miseris, to grudge, i. e. not grant a burning and burial, Luc. 7, 798.—With inf.:

    his te quoque jungere, Caesar, Invideo,

    am not willing, Luc. 2, 550.—
    C.
    To emulate, aspire to rival:

    Caesar et se illius gloriae invidere, et illum suae invidisse dixit,

    Val. Max. 5, 1, 10.—
    D.
    To hinder, prevent; to refuse, deny:

    plurima, quae invideant pure apparere tibi rem,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 100:

    invidisse deos, ut Conjugium optatum viderem,

    Verg. A. 11, 269; cf.:

    tene invidit fortuna mihi, ne, etc.,

    id. ib. 11, 43:

    Cereri totum natura concessit, oleum ac vinum non invidit tautum,

    Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 8:

    nobis invidit inutile ferrum,

    Ov. P. 2, 8, 59: nec famam invidit Apollo, Sil. 4, 400.—With dat. and abl.:

    tibi laude, nobis voluptate,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2.— With abl. alone:

    ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

    Tac. A. 1, 22:

    exemplo,

    id. ib. 15, 63:

    spectaculo proelii,

    id. G. 33:

    bona morte,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8.—Hence,
    1.
    invĭdens, entis, P. a., envious:

    nocere invidenti,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17; Hor. C. 1, 37, 30; Vell. 2, 73, 1:

    sive apud cupidos sive apud invidentes dicendum habuerit orator,

    Tac. Dial. 31 med. —
    2.
    invīsus, a, um, P. a.
    a.
    Hated, hateful, detested (class.).
    (α).
    Of persons, animals, etc.:

    persona lutulenta, impura, invisa,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    Cato,

    id. Dom. 25, 65:

    suspectos alios invisosque efficere,

    Liv. 41, 24, 18:

    me invisum meo patri esse intellego,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 79:

    invisos nos esse illos,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 48:

    deo,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167:

    caelestibus,

    Verg. A. 1, 387:

    divis,

    id. ib. 2, 647:

    Minervae,

    id. G. 4, 246; Ov. Am. 2, 6, 34:

    dominae deae,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 18:

    infamem invisumque plebei Claudium facere,

    Liv. 27, 20, 11:

    ne invisi apud incolas forent, caverunt,

    Just. 36, 2, 15; Quint. 3, 7, 19; 5, 13, 38:

    (Helena) abdiderat sese atque aris invisa sedebat,

    Verg. A. 2, 574 Forbig. ed. 4 ad loc.; cf.:

    Tyndaridis facies invisa,

    id. ib. 2, 601. — Comp.:

    quo quis versutior et callidior est, hoc invisior et suspectior,

    Cic. Off. 2, 9.— Sup.:

    ipsi invisissimus fuerat,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 20.—
    (β).
    Of inanim. and abstr. things:

    cupressus,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 23:

    negotia,

    id. Ep. 1, 14, 17:

    dis inmortalibus oratio nostra,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

    regna dis invisa,

    Verg. A. 8, 245:

    Troja jacet Danais invisa puellis,

    Ov. H. 1, 3:

    improbitas judici,

    Quint. 6, 4, 15:

    potestatem invisam facere,

    Liv. 3, 9, 10:

    nomen Romanum ad aliquem,

    id. 24, 32, 2:

    omnia invisa efficere,

    id. 42, 42, 5:

    lux,

    Verg. A. 4, 631:

    facies,

    id. ib. 9, 734:

    vita,

    id. ib. 11, 177:

    lumina,

    id. ib. 12, 62:

    aurum,

    Prop. 3, 5, 3:

    locus,

    Ov. P. 2, 8, 64:

    liberalitas,

    Curt. 8, 8, 9:

    Macedonum nomen,

    id. 10, 1, 4.—
    b.
    In act. sense = inimicus, hostile, malicious (rare and poet.):

    invisum quem tu tibi fingis,

    Verg. A. 11, 364; cf.:

    quae tanta licentia ferri, Gentibus invisis Latium praebere cruorem,

    Luc. 1, 9:

    invisa belli consulibus fugiens mandat decreta senatus,

    id. 1, 488.
    2.
    in-vĭdĕo, false reading for non vidit, App. Mag. p. 391 Oud.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > invideo

  • 11 μέν

    μέν, Particle, used partly to express certainty on the part of the speaker or writer; partly, and more commonly, to point out that the word or clause with which it stands is correlative to another word or clause that is to follow, the latter word or clause being introduced by δέ.
    A
    I μέν used absolutely to express certainty, not followed by correlative δέ, indeed, of a truth, synonymous with μήν, as appears from the [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. form ἦ μέν in protestations and oaths (where [dialect] Att. used ἦ μήν)

    , καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μ. μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77

    , cf. 14.275;

    ἦ μέν τοι τάδε πάντα τελείεται Od.14.160

    , cf. Il.24.416;

    τοῦτον ἐξορκοῖ, ἦ μέν οἱ διηκονήσειν Hdt.4.154

    , cf. 5.93, etc.: with neg.,

    οὐ μὲν γάρ τι κακὸν βασιλευέμεν Od.1.392

    , etc.;

    ὤμοσα, μὴ μὲν.. ἀναφῆναι 4.254

    , cf. Hdt.2.118, 179;

    ἔξαρνος ἦν, μὴ μὲν ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.67

    , cf. 99: without neg.,

    ἀνδρὸς μὲν τόδε σῆμα πάλαι κατατεθνηῶτος Il.7.89

    : also in Trag.,

    ἀκτὴ μὲν ἥδε τῆς περιρρύτου χθονός S.Ph.1

    , cf. 159 (anap.), OC44, E.Med. 676, 1129, etc.;

    καὶ μέν Il.1.269

    , 9.632, etc.; οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδὲ .. 2.703, 12.212; γε μέν, cf. γε 1.5.
    2 an answering clause with δέ is sts. implied, τὴν μὲν ἐγὼ σπουδῇ δάμνημ' ἐπέεσσι her can I hardly subdue, [ but all others easily], Il.5.893; ὡς μὲν λέγουσι as indeed they say, [ but as I believe not], E.Or. 8; καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἦν αὐτῷ πόλεμος (with no ἔπειτα δέ to follow), X. An.1.9.14; so νῦν μέν σ' ἀφήσω I will let you go this time, Herod.5.81: to give force to assertions made by a person respecting himself, wherein opposition to other persons is implied,

    ὡς μὲν ἐμῷ θυμῷ δοκεῖ Od. 13.154

    ; δοκεῖν μέν μοι ἥξει τήμερον [τὸ πλοῖον] Pl.Cri. 43d: hence with the pers. Pron.,

    ἐγὼ μέν νυν θεοῖσι ἔχω χάριν Hdt.1.71

    ; ἐγὼ μὲν οὐδέν (sc. θέλω) S.Ant. 498;

    ἐμοῦ μὲν οὐχ ἑκόντος Id.Aj. 455

    ;

    ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ οἶδα X.Cyr.1.4.12

    , cf. 4.2.45, etc.: with the demonstr. Pron.,

    τούτου μὲν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐγὼ σοφώτερός εἰμι Pl.Ap. 21d

    : generally, to emphasize the preceding word, πολλὴ μὲν ἡ μεταβολή μοι γέγονεν great indeed has been the change, Is.1.1, cf. Simon.5.1, etc.
    3 μέν is used alone in questions, when the answer is assumed, I take it, θέμις μὲν ἡμᾶς χρησμὸν εἰδέναι θεοῦ; E.Med. 676, cf. Ion 520 (troch.), Hipp. 316, S.Ant. 634, Ar.Av. 1214; Ἕλλην μέν ἐστι καὶ Ἑλληνίζει; Pl.Men. 82b.
    II μέν folld. by δέ in the correlative clause or clauses, on the one hand, on the other hand; commonly in Classical Gr., less freq. in later Gr. (rare in NT):
    1 μέν.., δέ .. (or when the correlative clause is neg., μέν.., οὐδέ .., Il.1.318, 536), to mark opposition, Hom., etc.—The opposed clauses commonly stand together, but are freq. separated by clauses, parenthetic or explanatory; e.g. μέν in Il.2.494 is answered by δέ in 511, 527 sq.; in X.An.1.9.2, πρῶτον μέν is answered by ἐπεὶ δέ in <*> 6; in Id.Mem.1.1.2, πρῶτον μέν is answered by θαυμαστὸν δέ in 1.2.1.
    2 to connect a series of clauses containing different matter, though with no opposition, Il.1.18sq., 306 sq. (five δέ-clauses), 433 sq. (eight δέ-clauses), cf. X.An. 1.3.14,7.10sq.: freq. when the members of a group or class are distinctly specified, παῖδες δύο, πρεσβύτερος μὲν Ἀρταξέρξης, νεώτερος δὲ Κῦρος ib.1.1.1; τάφρος.., τὸ μὲν εὖρος ὀργυιαὶ πέντε, τὸ δὲ βάθος ὀργυιαὶ τρεῖς ib.1.7.14; πρῶτος μέν.., δεύτερος δέ.., τρίτος δέ .. ib.5.6.9; τότε μέν.., τότε δέ .., at one time.., at another.., ib.6.1.9, etc.: esp. with the Art. used as a Pron., ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.. ; τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ .., etc.
    3 the principal word is freq. repeated,

    οἳ περὶ μὲν βουλὴν Δαναῶν, περὶ δ' ἐστὲ μάχεσθαι Il.1.258

    , cf. 288, Od.15.70;

    ἔνι μὲν φιλότης, ἐν δ' ἵμερος, ἐν δ' ὀαριστύς Il.14.216

    ;

    Ξέρξης μὲν ἄγαγεν.., Ξέρξης δ' ἀπώλεσεν A.Pers. 550

    , cf. 560, 694, 700 (all lyr.);

    χαλεπαίνει μὲν πρῳρεύς, χαλεπαίνει δὲ κυβερνήτης X.An.5.8.20

    .
    4 one of the correlative clauses is sts. independent, while the other takes the part. or some other dependent form, ἐβλασφήμει κατ' ἐμοῦ.., μάρτυρα μὲν.. οὐδένα παρασχόμενος.., παρεκελεύετο δέ .. D.57.11;

    οἱ ἀμφὶ βασιλέα, πεζοὶ μὲν οὐκέτι, τῶν δὲ ἱππέων ὁ λόφος ἐνεπλήσθη X.An.1.10.12

    , cf. 2.1.7, 5.6.29;

    ὧν ἐπιμεμφομένα σ' ἁδεῖα μὲν ἀντία δ' οἴσω S.Tr. 123

    , cf. OC 522 (bothlyr.);

    χωρὶς μὲν τοῦ ἐστερῆσθαι.., ἔτι δὲ καὶ.. δόξω ἀμελῆσαι Pl.Cri.44

     b.
    5 μέν and δέ freq. oppose two clauses, whereof one is subordinate to the other in meaning or emphasis, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο θαυμάζω, εἰ Λακεδαιμονίοις μέν ποτε.. ἀντήρατε,.. νυνὶ δὲ ὀκνεῖτ' ἐξιέναι (for εἰ.. ἀντάραντες νυνὶ ὀκνεῖτε) D.2.24, cf. E.IT 116, Lys.34.11, X.Mem.2.7.11, etc.: so in an anacoluthon, τρία μὲν ὄντα.. ναυτικά.., τούτων δ' εἰ περιόψεσθε τὰ δύο, κτλ., Th.1.36.
    6 μέν is not always answered by δέ, but freq. by other equiv. Particles, as ἀλλά, Il.1.22 sq., 2.703 sq., Pi.O.9.1, A.Pers. 176, X.An.1.7.17:—by μέντοι, Hdt.1.36, S.Ph. 350, D.21.189, etc.:—by ἀτάρ, Il.6.84, 124, A.Pr. 342, S.OT 1051sq., Pl. Tht. 172c, etc. (so μέν.., αὐτάρ in [dialect] Ep., Il.1.50, Od.19.513, etc.):— by αὖ, Il.11.108, Od.4.210:—by αὖθις, S.Ant. 165:—by αὖτε, Il.1.234, Od.22.5:—by temporal Particles, πρῶτα μέν.., εἶτα .. S.El. 261; πρῶτον μέν.., μετὰ τοῦτο .. X.An.6.1.5-7; μάλιστα μὲν δὴ.., ἔπειτα μέντοι .. S.Ph. 350, cf. OT 647:—rarely by μήν with neg.,

    οὐδὲν μὴν κωλύει Pl.Phdr. 268e

    ;

    οὐ μὴν αὐταί γε Id.Phlb. 12d

    .
    b when the opposition is emphatic, δέ is sts. strengthd., as ὅμως δέ .. S.OT 785, Ph. 473, 1074, etc. (so

    ἀλλ' ὅμως El. 450

    ); δ' αὖ .. Il.4.415, X.An.1.10.5; δ' ἔμπης .. Il.1.561-2.
    c μέν is sts. answered by a copul. Particle, κάρτιστοι μὲν ἔσαν καὶ καρτίστοις ἐμάχοντο ib. 267, cf. 459, Od. 22.475, S.Aj.1, Tr. 689, E.Med. 125 (anap.), etc.: rarely in Prose,

    τρία μὲν ἔτη ἀντεῖχον.., καὶ οὐ πρότερον ἐνέδοσαν Th.2.65

     (dub.).
    B μέν before other Particles:
    I where each Particle retains its force,
    1 μὲν ἄρα, in Hom. μέν ῥα, Il.2.1, 6.312, Od.1.127, Pl. Phdr. 258d, R. 467d, etc.
    2

    μὲν γάρ S.OT62

    , Th.1.142, etc.:— in Hom. there is freq. no second clause, Od.1.173, 392, cf. S.OT 1062, etc.;

    μὲν γὰρ δή Il.11.825

    ;

    μὲν γάρ τε 17.727

    .
    3 μέν γε, when a general statement is explained in detail,

    Κορινθίοις μέν γε ἔνσπονδοί ἐστε Th.1.40

    , cf. 70, 6.86, Hdt.6.46, Antipho 5.14, Lys. 13.27, Is.4.8, Ar.Nu. 1382, V. 564, E.Fr.909.4.
    4

    μὲν δή Il.1.514

    , Hdt.1.32, etc.: freq. used to express positive certainty,

    ἀλλ' οἶσθα μὲν δή S. Tr. 627

    , cf. OT 294;

    τὰ μὲν δὴ τόξ' ἔχεις Id.Ph. 1308

    ; esp. as a conclusion,

    τοῦτο μὲν δὴ.. ὁμολογεῖται Pl.Grg. 470b

    , cf. X.Cyr.1.1.6, etc.: in closing a statement,

    τοιαῦτα μὲν δὴ ταῦτα A.Pr. 500

    , etc.: used in answers to convey full assent, ἦ μὲν δή (cf. supr. A) Il.9.348, Od.4.33;

    καὶ μὲν δή.. γε Pl.R. 409b

    ; οὐ μὲν δή, to deny positively, Il.8.238, X.Cyr.1.6.9, Pl.Tht. 148e, etc.;

    οὐ μὲν δή.. γε X.An.2.2.3

    , 3.2.14; ἀλλ' οὔ τι μὲν δή .. Pl.Tht. 187a.
    5 μὲν οὖν, v. infr.11.2.
    II where the Particles combine so as to form a new sense,
    1 μέν γε at all events, at any rate (not in Trag.),

    τοῦτο μέν γ' ἤδη σαφές Ar.Ach. 154

    , cf. Nu. 1172, Lys. 1165, Ra.80, Th.3.39;

    μέν γέ που Pl.R. 559b

    , Tht. 147a.
    2 μὲν οὖν is freq. used with a corresponding δέ, so that each Particle retains its force, Od.4.780, Pi.O.1.111, S.OT 244, 843; Ph. 359, D.2.5, etc.: but freq. also abs., so then, S.Ant.65;

    ταῦτα μὲν οὖν παραλείψω D.2.3

    ; esp. in replies, sts. in strong affirmation,

    παντάπασι μὲν οὖν Pl.Tht. 158d

    ; κομιδῇ μὲν οὖν ib. 159e; πάνυ μὲν οὖν ib. 159b; ἀνάγκη μὲν οὖν ib. 189e; also to substitute a new statement so as to correct a preceding statement, nay rather, κακοδαίμων; Answ. βαρυδαίμων μὲν οὖν! Ar.Ec. 1102; μου πρὸς τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀποψῶ wipe your nose on my head: Answ. ἐμοῦ μὲν οὖν .. nay on mine, Id.Eq. 911, cf. A.Pers. 1032 (lyr.), Ag. 1090 (lyr.), 1396, S.Aj. 1363, El. 1503, OT 705, Ar.Ra. 241, Pl.Cri. 44b, Grg. 466a, 470b, Prt. 309d, etc.; also

    μὲν οὖν δή S.Tr. 153

    ;

    καὶ δὴ μὲν οὖν Id.OC31

    ; cf. οὐμενοῦν: in NT μενοῦν and μενοῦνγε, to begin a sentence, yea rather, Ev.Luc.11.28, Ep.Rom.9.20, etc., cf. Phryn.322, Hsch.—In [dialect] Ion., μέν νυν is used for μὲν οὖν, Hdt.1.18, 4.145, etc.
    3 by μέν τε, if δέ τε follows, the two clauses are more closely combined than by τε.., τε .., Il.5.139, al.; μέν τε is freq. answered by δέ alone, 16.28, al.; by ἀλλά, αὐτάρ, 17.727, Od.1.215, al.; perh. by ἠδέ, Il.4.341:— Hom. also uses μέν τε abs., when τε loses its force, as after ἦ, τίς, etc., Il.2.145, al.
    4 μέν τοι in Hom. always occurs in speeches, where τοι can be regarded as the dat. of the Pron.: later, μέντοι is written as a single word, and is used:
    a with a conj. force, yet, nevertheless, A.Pr. 320, 1054 (anap.), S.Tr. 413, etc.; and sts. stands for δέ, answering to μέν, v. supr. A.11.6 a.
    b as an Adv., in strong protestations, οὐ μέντοι μὰ Δία .. D.4.49; in eager or positive assent, of course, φαμέν τι εἶναι .. ; Answ.

    φαμὲν μέντοι νὴ Δία Pl.Phd. 65d

    , al.: with a neg. to give emphasis to a question, οὐ σὺ μέντοι .. ; why, are you not.. ? Id.Prt. 309a, cf. Phdr. 229b, R. 339b, etc.: sts. to express impatience, ὄμνυμι γάρ σοι—τίνα μέντοι, τίνα θεῶν; Id.Phdr. 236d; τί μ. πρῶτον ἦν, τί πρῶτον ἦν; nay what was the first? Ar.Nu. 787;

    οὗτος, σὲ λέγω μ. Id.Ra. 171

    ; σὺ μέντοι .. Luc.Alex.44: with imper., to enforce the command, τουτὶ μ. σὺ φυλάττου only take heed.., Ar. Pax 1100, cf.Av. 661, X.An.1.4.8: in answers, γελοῖον μέντἂν εἴη nay it would be absurd, Pl.Tht. 158e; summing up a long temporal clause, And.1.130.
    c

    μέντοι γε X.Cyr.5.5.24

    , etc.;

    οὐ μ. γε Diog.Apoll.5

    : in later Gr. μέντοιγε stands first in the sentence,

    μ. οὐ θέλω PLond.3.897.13

     (i A.D.); also

    γε μέντοι A.Ag. 938

    , S.OT 778, 1292, E.Hec. 600;

    ὅμως γε μ. Ar.Ra.61

    .
    d καὶ μ. καί is used to add a point to be noted, Heraclit.28, Pl.R. 331d; also καί.. μ., νῦν σοι καιρός ἐστιν ἐπιδείξασθαι τὴν παιδείαν, καὶ φυλάξασθαι μέντοι .. and of course to take care.., X.An.4.6.15 (v.l.), cf. 1.8.20, Pl.Prt. 339c, Tht. 143a.
    e ἀλλὰ μέντοι well, if it comes to that, X.An.4.6.16; well, of course, Pl.R. 331e, etc.; cf. μέντον.
    C for μέν after other Particles, see each Particle.
    D Position of μέν. Like δέ, it usu. stands as the second word in a sentence. But when a sentence begins with words common to its subordinate clauses, μέν stands second in the first of these clauses, as

    ἥδε γὰρ γυνὴ δούλη μέν, εἴρηκεν δ' ἐλεύθερον λόγον S.Tr.63

    ; οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἐτάξαντο μέν.., ἡσύχαζον δέ .. Th.4.73, cf. 113, etc. It also attaches itself to words which mark opposition, as πρῶτον μέν, τότε μέν, ἐγὼ μέν, even when these do not stand first: sts. however it precedes them,

    ὡς μὲν ἐγὼ οἶμαι Pl.Phdr. 228b

    ;

    ὡς μέν τινες ἔφασαν X.Cyr.5.2.28

    . It generally stands between the Art. and Noun, or the Prep. and its Case: but if special stress is laid on the Noun, this is sts. neglected, as

    οἱ Τεγεᾶται μὲν ἐπηυλίσαντο, Μαντινῆς δὲ ἀπεχώρησαν Th.4.134

    ; ἀνὰ τὸ σκοτεινὸν μέν .. Id.3.22; also

    τῇ σῇ μὲν εὐδαιμονίῃ, τῇ ἐμεωυτοῦ δὲ κακοδαιμονίῃ Hdt. 1.87

    .
    II μέν is freq. repeated:
    1 when, besides the opposition of two main clauses, a subordinate opposition is introduced into the first, ὁ μὲν ἀνὴρ τοιαῦτα μὲν πεποίηκε τοιαῦτα δὲ λέγει, ὑμῶν δέ .. X.An.1.6.9, cf. 5.8.24, Th.8.104, D.18.214, 23.208.
    2 in apodosi with the demonstr. Pron. or Adv., τὸν μὲν καλέουσι θέρος, τοῦτον μὲν προσκυνέουσι, τὸν δὲ χειμῶνα .. Hdt.2.121; ὅσοι μὲν δὴ νομοῦ τοῦ Θηβαίου εἰσί, οὗτοι μέν [νυν].. αἶγας θύουσι· ὅσοι δὲ.. νομοῦ τοῦ Μενδησίου εἰσί, οὗτοι δὲ.. ὄϊς θύουσι ib.42, cf.3.108, al.; ὅτε μέν με οἱ ἄρχοντες ἔταττον.., τότε μὲν ἔμενον.., τοῦ δὲ θεοῦ τάττοντος,.. ἐνταῦθα δέ .. Pl.Ap. 28e, cf. Grg. 512a.
    3 μέν used absolutely is freq. folld. by a correlative

    μέν, εἰ μὲν οὖν ἡμεῖς μὲν.. ποιοῦμεν Id.R. 421a

    .
    III μέν is sts. omitted (esp. in Poetry) where it is implied in the following

    δέ, φεύγων, ὁ δ' ὄπισθε διώκων Il.22.157

    ;

    ἐλευθεροῦτε πατρίδ', ἐλευθεροῦτε δὲ παῖδας A. Pers. 403

    ;

    σφραγῖδε.. χρυσοῦν ἔχουσα τὸν δακτύλιον, ἡ δ' ἑτέρα ἀργυροῦν IG22.1388.45

    , cf. Ar.Nu. 396, Pl.Sph. 221e, Arist.Po. 1447b14, etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μέν

  • 12 ὄνειρος

    ὄνειρος, ὁ, or [full] -ὄνειρον, τό, the masc. form freq. in Hom., also in Pi.P.4.163, Hdt.1.34,7.16.β', E.IT 569: acc. pl. ὀνείρους Perdrizet-Lefèbvre
    A Les graffites grecs du Memnonion d'Abydos No. 528 : the neut. in Od.4.841, Hdt.7.14,15, A.Ch. 541, 550, S.El. 1390 (lyr.), E.HF 517 ; and in prov., τοὐμὸν ὄ. ἐμοί 'you are telling me what I know already', Call.Epigr.34, Cic.Att.6.9.3 (cf.

    ὄναρ 1.1

    , ὄνειαρ II): the forms ὀνείρου -ῳ -ων -οις leave the gender doubtful: pl.

    ὄνειρα E. HF 518

    , AP9.234 (Crin.) ; but the form ὀνείρατα (as if from ὄνειραρ, EM47.53) is more freq. in nom. and acc., Od.20.87, etc.: also gen.

    ὀνειράτων Hdt.1.120

    , A.Pr. 485, al., S.El. 481 (lyr.): dat.

    - ασι A.Pr. 655

    , Pers. 176, S.OT 981, E.Alc. 354 : gen. sg.

    - ατος Pl.Tht. 201d

     ; dat. sg.

    ἐν τὠνείρατι A.Ch. 531

     :—dream, Il.2.80, al. ; ὄνειρον ὑποκρίνεσθαι, v. ὑποκρίνω B. 1.2 ;

    θέρμετε δ' ὕδωρ, ὡς ἂν θεῖον ὄ. ἀποκλύσω Ar.Ra. 1340

    .
    2 as pr. n. dream personified, Il.2.6 sqq.: also in pl.,

    δῆμος ὀνείρων Od.24.12

    , cf. Hes.Th. 212.
    3 in similes or metaphors, of anything unreal or fleeting,

    σκιῇ εἴκελον ἢ καὶ ὀ. Od.11.207

    , cf. 222 ; τοῦ ποτε μεμνήσεσθαι ὀΐομαι ἔν περ ὀ. if only in a dream, 19.581 ;

    σμικρὰ ὀνείρατα λέλειπται

     faint and shadowy traces,

    Pl.Lg. 695c

     ; ὄνειρα ἀφένοιο dreams of wealth, APl.c. (Cf. ὄνοιρος.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὄνειρος

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